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Steel structure review questions

2022-07-23 12:28:00 【Kyle942】

One 、 Single topic selection

1. The test results of a carbon steel have the following elements ：①S;②Mn;③C;④P;⑤O;⑥N;⑦Si;⑧Fe. The following （） All harmful elements .

A.①②③④ B.③④⑤⑥ C.①④⑤⑥ D.①④⑤⑦

2. About the strength design value of steel , In the following statement （） That's right. .

A． Equal to the ultimate strength of steel B. Is the standard value of steel strength divided by the partial coefficient of resistance

C. Equal to the strength standard value of steel D. Equal to the upper limit of steel yield point

3. Among the grades adopted for the following steel structures , What does not belong to low-alloy high-strength structural steel is （）

A.Q235 B.Q345 C.Q390 D.420

4. The following steel plates with the same grade and different thickness ,（） The steel plate has the greatest strength .

A.12mm Ｂ.8mm C.20mm D.25mm

5. The following shall not be used for welded load-bearing structures （　） Steel products .

Ａ.Q 420　　　Ｂ.Q390　　　Ｃ.Q345 Ｄ.Q235 Boiling steel

６. Symbol -12×450×1200 The steel member represented is （　　　）

Ａ. Angle steel 　　　Ｂ. Channel 　　　　　Ｃ. Steel pipe 　　　　　　　Ｄ. The steel plate

７. Under repeated dynamic load , When the stress ratio p=0 when , be called ( ) .

A. Completely symmetric loop B Incomplete symmetric cycle C. Pulse cycle D. Asymmetric cycle

8. When calculating the serviceability limit state of symmetrical structures or members , Permanent and variable loads shall be （）.

A. Design value

B. The permanent load is the design value , The variable load is the standard value

C. The permanent load is the standard value , The variable load is the design value

D. Standard value

9. When checking the deformation of structures or components , You should use （）

A. Minimum value of load B. Maximum load C. Design value of load D. Standard value of load

10. The load design value and standard value taken for the following steel structure calculation , The correct group is （）

a. Calculate the strength of a structure or member 、 Stability and connection strength , The design value of load shall be used

b . Calculate the strength of a structure or member 、 Stability and connection strength , The load standard value shall be used

c. When calculating the deformation of fatigue and serviceability limit state , The design value of load shall be used

d. When calculating the deformation of fatigue and serviceability limit state , The load standard value shall be used

A. a,c B.b,c C.b,d D.a,d

11. When checking the stiffness of composite beam , The load is usually taken as （）

A. Maximum B. Design value C. Combination value D. Standard value

12. Steel structure is more suitable for the construction of long-span structures , This is because （）

A. The actual mechanical performance of the steel structure is most consistent with the mechanical calculation results

B. Steel has good weldability

C. Steel has good heat resistance

D. The steel structure has light self weight and large bearing capacity

13. The main reason why steel structure is often used in long-span structures is steel structure （）

A. Good sealing B. Easy to disassemble C. Manufacturing factory D. Light weight

14. It is wrong to describe the characteristics of steel structure （）

A. Building steel has good plasticity and toughness B. The corrosion resistance of steel is very poor

C. Steel structure is more suitable for building high-rise and long-span structures D. Steel has good heat resistance and fire resistance

15. Compared with concrete structure , Steel structure Geng is suitable for building high-rise and long-span houses , because （）

A. Steel structure self weight , High bearing capacity B. The self weight of steel structure is light , Low bearing capacity

C. Steel structure self weight , Low bearing capacity D. The self weight of steel structure is light , Low bearing capacity

16. Symbol ∟125×80×10 Express （）

A. Equal leg angle steel B. Channel C. The steel plate D. Unequal leg angle steel

17. It is assumed that steel is an ideal elastoplastic body , It refers to that the material before the yield point is （）

A. Inelastic B. Plastic C. Elastoplastic D. Completely elastic

18. The design strength of steel in steel structure design is ( )

A. Standard value of strength B. Steel yield point C. Strength limit value

D. The standard value of steel strength divided by the resistance coefficient

19. When the content of sulfur and oxygen in steel exceeds the limit , Will make steel （）

A. Soften up B. Harden C. Cold and crisp D. Hot crisp

20. Steel structure of normal design , It will not break suddenly due to accidental overload or local overload , This is mainly because steel has （）

A. Good plasticity

B. Good toughness and uniform internal structure

C. Uniform internal organization , Very close to homogeneity and isotropy

D. Good toughness

21. The elongation of steel can pass （） To get .

A. Cold bend 180 Degree test B. Impact test C. Fatigue test D. Single tension test

22. The elongation of steel is used to reflect the material （） Indicators of .

A. Carrying capacity B. Elastic deformation capacity C. Resistance to impact load D. Plastic deformation capacity

23. Impact toughness of steel Akv Value represents steel （　　）

Ａ. Cold working performance 　　　Ｂ. Strength performance 　　　Ｃ. Plasticity 　　　Ｄ. Toughness

24. The basic mechanical properties of steel used for load-bearing structure should be （）

A. Tensile strength , Elongation B. Tensile strength , yield strength , Cold bending performance

C. yield strength , Elongation , Cold bending performance D. Tensile strength , yield strength , Elongation

25. For steel roof truss under normal temperature working environment under static load , The following statement is not true （）

A. Can choose Q235 steel B. Can choose Q345 steel C. Steel should have three basic guarantees

D. The steel shall be guaranteed with impact toughness

26. Yield strength of structural steel （）

A. It increases with the increase of thickness , And with the quality level from A To D(E) Step by step reduction

B. It decreases with the increase of thickness , And with the quality level from A To D(E) Improve step by step

C. It decreases with the increase of thickness , And with the quality level from A To D(E) Step by step reduction

D. Decreases with thickness , But it has nothing to do with quality grade

27. Which of the following elements is too high , Can cause steel “ Hot crisp ” The phenomenon ？（　　　）

Ａ. silicon 　　　　Ｂ. phosphorus 　　　　　Ｃ. manganese 　　　　　Ｄ. sulfur

28. Cold work hardening of steel , send （　　）

Ａ. Plasticity reduction , Strength and toughness are improved 　　　　Ｂ. Strength 、 Both plasticity and toughness are improved

Ｃ. Strength 、 Both plasticity and toughness are reduced 　　　　　Ｄ. Increased strength , Both plasticity and toughness are reduced

29． Under three-dimensional stress , The comprehensive strength index of steel turning into plastic state is called （　　　）

Ａ. Design stress B. Calculated stress C. Allowable stress D. Reduced stress

30. Steel grade Q345A Medium 345 Indicates the of steel （）

A. fp value B.fu value C.fyv value D.fy value

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Two 、 Completion

1. In addition to fatigue calculation of steel structures , The limit state design method based on probability theory is adopted .

2. When calculating the strength of structures and members , The design value of load shall be used , The standard value of load should be used when calculating fatigue .

3. The complete designation of steel grade consists of four parts , Namely ： Symbol for yield point Q 、 The value of the yield point 、 Steel quality grade symbol and deoxidation method symbol .

4. The specification stipulates that for crane beams that directly bear dynamic loads , When the number of stress cycles N exceed 5 10000 times , Fatigue checking calculation should be carried out .

5. The steels used for steel structures mainly include carbon structural steels and low-alloy high-strength structural steels .

6. Symbol Q235-B.F Indicates that the yield strength is 235MPa Of B Grade boiling steel .

7. I-beam has ordinary I-beam 、 Light I-beam and H Section steel .

8. The difference between the maximum stress and the minimum stress in the fatigue stress spectrum is called the stress amplitude , Its value is always positive .

9. Depending on the type of cyclic load , Fatigue of steel structures can be divided into constant amplitude and variable amplitude .

10.《 Code for design of steel structures 》 The limit state design method based on probability theory is adopted , It is transformed from the structural reliability design method .

11. All kinds of plates and profiles used in steel structures , They are made by rolling many times , Generally, the yield point of thin steel plate is larger than that of thick steel plate .

12. The index to measure the resistance of steel to impact load is called impact toughness , The less it's worth , It shows that the less energy it takes to break the test piece , The worse the toughness of steel .

13. The elongation index of steel is obtained through uniaxial tensile test .

14.Q235B.F In steel F Indicates rimmed steel .

15. Section steel code ∟100mm×80mm in ,∟ Represents angle steel .

One 、 Single topic selection

1. Arc striking plates are often used in butt welds , The purpose is （）

A. Reduce the residual deformation of the weld B. It can reinforce the connected components

C. Prevent molten flux from dripping D. Eliminate the defects of the rising and falling arc at the crater

2. About the strength design value of butt weld , The following statement is correct （）

A. One , The design value of grade II and III weld strength is equal to the base metal

B. The shear strength of grade III weld is lower than that of base metal

C. The compressive strength of grade III weld is lower than that of base metal

D. One , The design value of secondary weld strength is equal to the base metal

3. The calculation methods of weld connection are divided into two categories , They are （）

A. Manual weld and automatic weld B. Overhead weld and overhead weld

C. Continuous and intermittent welds D. Butt and fillet welds

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5. During weld construction , The most difficult to weld , And the most difficult thing to control the weld quality is （）

A. Flat welding B. Transverse welding C. Vertical welding D. Overhead welding

6. Welding residual stress does not affect the （）

A. Overall stability B. Local stability C. stiffness D. Static strength

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19. Steel structure in lap joint , The lap length shall not be less than （）

A 4 times , Not less than 20mm B 4 times , Not less than 35mm

C 5 times , Not less than 30mm D 5 times , Not less than 25mm

20. When ordinary bolts work in shear , The total thickness of the connected components is required

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Bolt diameter 5 times , To prevent （）

A Plate crushing failure B Bolt rod shear failure

C Punching shear failure at the end of the member D The bolt rod is bent and damaged

21. End distance is required in bolt connection

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, The purpose is to prevent （）

A The bolt has excessive bending deformation B The bolt is sheared

C Steel is crushed D The steel plate is damaged by punching and shearing

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A. The deformation of bolt connection is too large B. Bolt bending failure

C. The middle bolt is damaged in advance D. The end bolt is damaged in advance

24. The design bearing capacity of a single ordinary bolt when transmitting shear （）

A. It is determined by the shear design bearing capacity of a single ordinary bolt

B. It is determined by the bearing capacity of a single ordinary bolt

C. It is determined by the larger value of the shear and bearing design bearing capacity of a single ordinary bolt

D. It is determined by the smaller value of the shear and bearing design bearing capacity of a single ordinary bolt

25. What has nothing to do with the design value of the shear capacity of ordinary bolts is （）

A Design value of bolt shear strength B Bolt diameter

C Number of shear planes D Diameter of bolt hole

26. When bolted , The bolt rod is sheared and damaged , Because （）

A The margin or bolt spacing is too small B The steel plate is thin

C Too much weakening of the section D The bolt rod is thin

27. When bolted , The components are damaged by punching and shearing , Because （）

A The bolt rod is thin B The steel plate is thin

C Too much weakening of the section D The margin or bolt spacing is too small

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32. The shear connection of friction type high-strength bolts depends on （） To deliver and establish

A Shear resistance and pressure bearing of screw B Shear resistance of screw

C The screw is under pressure D Friction between connecting rods

33. Friction type high-strength bolt connection , Its deformation under force （）

A Larger than ordinary bolt connection

B Larger than pressure bearing high-strength bolt connection

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C It is the same as the connection of ordinary bolts and pressure bearing high-strength bolts

D It is smaller than ordinary bolts and pressure bearing high-strength bolts

34. Pressure bearing high-strength bolts can be used for （）

A Directly bear dynamic load

B Structural connections subjected to repeated loads

C Connection of cold-formed thin-walled steel structure

D Connections that bear static loads or indirect dynamic loads

35. As shown in the figure, the rotation center of the high-strength bolt group after bending is （）.

A.4 B.3 C.2 D.1

36. High strength bolt friction type connection , What has nothing to do with the design value of shear capacity of a single high-strength bolt is （）

A The number of force transmission friction surfaces of bolts

B Anti slip coefficient of friction surface

C Pretension of high-strength bolts

D Thickness of the connected plate

37. Pressure bearing high-strength bolt shear connection , Its bearing capacity （）

A Smaller than friction type high-strength bolt connection B Larger than ordinary bolt connection

C Same as ordinary bolt connection D Larger than friction type high-strength bolt connection

One 、 Single topic selection

1. The limit state of strength bearing capacity of axial tension members is （）

A． The average stress of the net section reaches the tensile strength of the steel fu

B． The average stress of the gross section shall reach the tensile strength of the steel fu

C. The average stress of the gross section reaches the yield strength of the steel fy

D． The average stress of the net section reaches the yield strength of the steel fy

2. The calculation contents of solid web axial tension members include （）

A． Strength B. Strength and overall stability

C． Strength , Local stability and global stability D. Strength , stiffness （ Slenderness ratio ）

3. The cross-sectional area of one is A, The net sectional area is An The artifacts , In tension N The strength calculation formula under action is （）

A．σ=N/An≤fy B. σ=N/A≤f

C. σ=N/A≤fy D.σ=N/An≤f

4． Solid web axial members shall be （）

A. Strength calculation B. Strength and slenderness ratio calculation

C. Strength , Calculation of overall stability and slenderness ratio

D． Strength , Overall stability , Local stability and slenderness ratio calculation

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7. Overall stability coefficient of axial tension member φ And （） Etc .

A． Member section category , Two end connection structure , Slenderness ratio .

B． Member section category , Length in both directions , Slenderness ratio .

C． Member section category , Calculate the length factor , Slenderness ratio .

D． Member section category , Steel grade , Slenderness ratio .

8. Overall stability coefficient of axial tension member φ Is in accordance with the （） Conditional classification .

A． It can be divided into a、b、c、d Four types of .

B． It can be divided into a、b、c、d Four types of .

C． It can be divided into a、b、c、d Four types of .

D． According to different processing methods of welding and rolling, it can be divided into a、b、c、d Four types of .

9. Known double legged lattice axial compression bar （ Batten ） The converted slenderness ratio of the imaginary axis λ0x=

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, According to the stable conditions , Slenderness ratio to real axis λy and λx The relationship is （）

A．λy=λx B. λx and λy irrelevant

C．

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10. Specify the slenderness ratio of single limb of batten column λ1=0.7λmax（λmax Is the maximum slenderness ratio of the two main axes of the column ）, In order to （）

A． Construction requirements B. Make the two limbs work together

C. Ensure the stability of the whole column D. Avoid instability of single limb before the whole column

11. The principle of determining the width thickness ratio limit of web and flange of Web column under axial compaction is （）

A． Equal thickness principle B. Equal stiffness principle

C. Equal strength principle D. Equal stability principle

12. I-shaped axial compression member , The local stability condition of the flange is b1/t≤(10+0.1λ)

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, among λ Means （）

A. Minimum slenderness ratio of member B. Maximum slenderness ratio of member

C. The average value of the maximum slenderness ratio and the minimum slenderness ratio

D． Maximum slenderness ratio of member , And not less than 30, No more than 100.

One 、 Single topic selection

1. In the calculation of beam stiffness （） state .

A． Bearing capacity limit state B. Normal use limit

C. The fourth strength criterion C. Minimum stress

2. When calculating the bending normal stress of the beam , Want to use （） Geometric parameters of .

A. Gross section B. Effective section C. Net section D. Minimum section

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5. The bending strength of the beam is required in the design , Shear strength , The local bearing strength and converted stress shall not exceed the corresponding （）

A. Standard value of strength B. Strength design value C. Maximum strength value D. permitted

6. The supporting stiffener of the beam is set at （）

A. Maximum shear stress section B. Parts with crane wheel pressure

C. Parts with fixed load D. The section with large bending stress

7. The shear stress distribution diagram of the web section on the I-shaped steel beam section is shown in the figure below （）

A. Subgraph a B. Subgraph b C. Subgraph c D. Subgraph d

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8. When

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When the other conditions are the same , As shown in the figure, the lowest critical stress for local stability of the web of the beam is （）

A. Subgraph a B. Subgraph b C. Subgraph c D. Subgraph d

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13. When calculating the bending strength of I-beam , If partial plastic development is not considered , The extension width ratio of the flange plate of the beam shall not be greater than （）

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15. As shown in the figure, the steel beam , Due to the overall stability requirements , Lateral fulcrum shall be set in the middle of the span , Its position is in （） For the best solution .

A. Subgraph a B. Subgraph b C. Subgraph c D. Subgraph d

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Two ． Concept of analytical

When the shear strength checking calculation of the beam is not satisfied , What can be done ？

answer ： The measures to be taken are ： Increase the sectional area of the web . There are two ways to increase the web section ：① Increase the height of the web ;② Increase the web thickness . Increasing the height of the web is often subject to stiffness conditions , Use clearance and construction requirements to limit , Therefore, the most commonly used is to increase the thickness of the web .

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2. A simply supported beam span l=18m, There are lateral supports at the mid span three points , Pictured 4-11 Shown . Welded biaxial symmetric I-shaped section , The upper flange of the beam is subjected to a full span uniformly distributed load q, Design value q=20kN/m（ Including self weight ）, The steel is Q235 steel . Check and calculate the overall stability of this beam .