Go+ language

Go+ The core positioning of , Integrated with engineering development Go、 In the field of data science Python、 In the field of programming teaching Scratch, therefore Go+ Yes Go The heart Python Type , Easier to use , Programming Oriented Education 、 Engineering development and data science .

2020 Static language born in , It's mainly Qi niuyun who is pushing .
GO+ vision Vision： compatible Go; compatible Scratch Design ability of ; compatible Python;
Go+ Playground: Online experience
Official website Tutorials: link~
Open source repo:gop

Language introduction

Go+ Source code , Through the scanner Scanner Turn into a Go+ Of Token, Through one more parser become Go+ Abstract syntax tree , That's what common languages do .Go+ The abstract syntax tree of has two branches after transformation , A generation Go So that it can Static compilation , Another branch generates Bytecode parsing execution , The polymorphism of branches is through the introduction of a called Perform specification （exec.spec） Things that are , In fact, it is an abstract interface .

Go+ Implement the part of the specification , It's actually an abstract SAX Interface , That is based on Event driven , An event is sent to the receiver , The receiving party handles this event according to its own needs , This is common in text processing .
Before Go+ The interface designed by the compiler basically uses event driven mode to connect different components . The compiler parses the abstract syntax tree and sends out some events , These events are received by two code generated modules , Work according to your own needs . This pattern code is still a bit hard to understand , In particular, some complicated things are done in the compiler , Make the code difficult to understand . Type derivation in Go It's complicated inside ,Go+ The complexity of compilers is also largely caused by Type derivation As a result of .
at present Go+ Improving implementation logic for implementing specifications , Make the implementation specification part no longer an abstract interface , It's a standard implementation DOM, This DOM It contains the ability of type derivation , So the compiler is relatively simple .


【 So so far , The script engine doesn't seem to be ready yet ？】

【 evaluation 】 Yes Go Ecosystem benefits , It is conducive to simplifying entry Go The difficulty of ecosystem （ That is, the first language is Go+）.
【 view 】 In the absence of python If there is an era go+ Of course it's very good , There are already python Under the circumstances ,go+ How to highlight the advantages of ？ in addition go+ Won't there be any loss in the performance of the scripting engine ？ How about the performance of the final script execution ？ This road is difficult to commercialize , Whether Qi niuyun can persist in this matter for a long time also needs to be considered . Looking forward to seeing the future Go+ There are more heavy projects in ecology , At present, it is still very preliminary .
【 view 2】go The design philosophy of language is preciseness , Even if the trouble , For example, you can't have unused variable,type Sure inference But there's no need to , need programmer explicit declaration, He doesn't want to learn py/js That kind of weak type,go+ Another compromise has been made on this , Follow py I feel more like .

Development experience

docs:how-to-install

Win10 install Go+

Be careful ： Need authority , Administrator mode on power shell

git clone https://github.com/goplus/gop.git
cd gop
all.bat

Remember to add environment variables , I am here D:\tmp\go\bin

gop run //  function go+ Code 
gop repl //  stay repl/ Run in console mode go+
gop go [-test] //  take go+  Package conversion go software package , If specified test, He will test relevant software packages 
gop fmt //  format go+  software package （ and go fmt  be similar ）
gop export //  export go package 

VSCode GO+ plug-in unit

hello,world

If not in GOPATH Under the new Go+ engineering , You need to use Go Model To handle dependencies , So here we will execute it under the project directory Go Model Initialization command of ： here gop It's the name of the project , Be free to .

go mod init gop

main.gop

package main

func main() {
    
	println("hello")
}

and Go The code of is very similar , however Go The output needs to use fmt package , stay Go+ There's no need to . Actually, here run Yes. go Code ,gop Yes gop The code is translated .

Go+ Grammatical features

multitype slice
stay Go In addition to interface Out of type , A slice can only store one type .Go+ Support for multiple .eg.

func main() {
    
	a := [1, "abc", 2.3]
	println(a)
}

List resolution expressions

func main() {
    
 a := [1, 2.3, 45]
 println([item*2 for item <- a])
}

Error handling
go+ The writing is similar to swift.

expr! // panic if err
expr? // return if err
expr?:defval // use defval if err

func ToInt(in string) int {
    
 return strconv.Atoi(in)?:0
}

go The error handling of is troublesome

func ToInt(in string) int {
    
 res, err := strconv.Atoi(in)
 if err != nil {
    
  return 0
 } else {
    
  return res
 }
}

Here are some representative grammatical features , For more features, please refer to the official website doc perhaps Ref.4 Examples in . thank you .

Reference

1. Go+1.0 Behind the release “ Break through ”
2. Xu Shi Wei ：Go+ And data science
3. Go+ Quick Start experience nanny tutorial （2021 edition ）
4. Go+ summary | Take you to a comprehensive understanding of Go+