Multi Chain and cross chain are the future

Vitalik Recently said , The future will be Multi Chain , Pessimistic about cross chain applications , The reason is “ Across multiple ‘ Sovereign regions ’ There are fundamental limitations to the safety of the bridge ”.

We think ,V god Raised good questions , But it gives a wrong judgment . Can't because “ Sovereign regions ” There may be security problems , Different from negative links “ Sovereign regions ” The necessity of the bridge , Not because of the present “ Sovereign regions ” Can not completely solve their own security problems , Think about the future “ Sovereign regions ” Still can't solve the security problem , So as to negate the future of cross chain .

One 、 Cross chain is necessary for both current and future blockchain systems

Vitalik Pointed out that ,“ There are indeed some independent communities with different values , It is better for them to hold their own opinions than for everyone to fight for influence over the same thing ”, therefore , The existence and development of multi chain is inevitable . This is not just a prediction of the future , At present, the development of blockchain system has shown the trend of Multi Chain concurrency , And different chains, whether from the choice of Technology , Or the economic model , Even social organizations , Have shown some differences . But in terms of economic system development and Philosophy , A community should further develop , It is impossible to entertain oneself in their own systems in accordance with the principle of closure , Communication between communities with different values 、 communication 、 Interaction , Become different blockchain communities or “ Sovereign regions ” Further development of external resource channels , Therefore, the cross chain bridge has become an indispensable tool in the development of blockchain .

Two 、“ Sovereign regions ” Possible safety problems should be solved in “ Sovereign regions ” Internal solution

The basic principles for the construction and operation of computer and network systems are layering and modularization .“ Sovereign regions ” The problems that arise need to be solved in “ Sovereign regions ” Internal solution . When “ Sovereign regions ” Unable to solve its own problems , Of course, this problem will spread on a larger scale , But this is not a cross chain system , In the public chain ecology or “ Sovereign regions ” This is also the case internally .

A blockchain system established in a completely decentralized state , Already from the simple chain , Evolved into a complex ecosystem with hundreds of applications . Whether it's a chain , Or chain application , The security of every system and application has its philosophical assumptions , There are also technical guarantees , And the deduction of economic game . therefore , The security of blockchain systems and applications is dynamically balanced , And it varies according to the States and scenarios of different systems and applications . If the underlying chain has a security problem , Its upper application will also be polluted by security problems . According to this logic , Its upper application should not be based on the lower chain , It should not interact with the underlying chain in terms of data and assets .

3、 ... and 、“ Sovereign regions ” Possible security problems can also be found in “ Sovereign regions ” Outside of the solution

Vitalik Receive... With Ethereum 51% Take attack as an example to point out ,“ If Ethereum is affected 51% Attack and recover ,Arbitrum and Optimism It will recover , So even if Ethereum is 51% attack , stay Arbitrum and Optimism In a state of being ‘cross-rollup’ The application also guarantees consistency .” The problem is , Since Ethereum has been 51% Attacks can also recover , Why can't the cross chain bridge restore this ？ According to the basic requirements that the data on the blockchain cannot be tampered with , The blockchain system is subject to 51% At present, the solution to recovery after attack is only hard bifurcation . Hard forked bottomless chains are on the bottom , Or the application on the chain , The impact can not be underestimated . According to the above logic , Even if one side of the system bridged across the chain bridge has problems , In the ecosystem of bridge links and other bridge chains, larger “ The ecological system ” To solve this problem . This is actually the construction of a larger ecosystem , It is a method that has to be adopted to solve the problem diffusion in a larger scope .

The currency As a self-contained system , Not only does the user need to sign the transaction , At the time of transaction, both parties should confirm the past and present lives and the context of each asset . If it is really necessary , In the process of system design and bridging , You can also verify the source of cross chain data and assets . But this will undoubtedly greatly waste transaction processing time and consume more system resources .

Besides ,Vitalik Pointed out that ,“ No one will do to Ethereum 51% The attack is only to steal 100 individual Solana-WETH（ perhaps , In this respect ,51% attack Solana Just to steal 100 individual Ethereum-WSOL）. But if there is 1000 m ETH or SOL, Then the motivation to attack will become higher , And large ore pools may be well coordinated to attack .” This statement is very , Indeed, no one will do any... To Ethereum 51% The attack is only to steal 100 individual Solana-WETH, But some people will because 1000000 Pieces or more ETH And attack Ethereum . From this point of view , Ethereum and other public chain ecology or “ Sovereign regions ” The security threat faced is less than that of the cross chain bridge . Not because there are too many locked assets in the cross chain bridge , It is asserted that the cross chain bridge faces greater security risks .

The future blockchain world must be a multi chain world , Each chain will also form its own ecology . But outward growth is not just about every chain application , It is also the inevitable demand of every application customer . Simple inward growth , Build a closed ecosystem because of security and other issues , It will only lead to the further shrinkage of its own ecology and the further reduction of the intensity of competition . In the long term , It is not conducive to the development of each chain ecology , It is also not conducive to the development of blockchain and even the future meta universe .