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一篇文章学会er图绘制
2022-06-23 03:48:00 【InfoQ】
什么是er图?

er图中的基本元素
- 实体:实际问题中存在并且可以相互识别的事物
- 属性:实体所具有的某个特性,我们称为属性
- 实体集:相同属性实体的集合,(211……13,明弟)就是学生实体集中的一个实体
- 键:唯一标识实体的属性称为键,键也属于实体的属性,作为键的属性取值必须唯一且不能空置。比如学号211……13就可以称之为键
- 1对1,1对多,多对多,3种
绘制er图规范
- 矩形框:表示实体,框中书写实体名
- 菱形框:表示联系,框中书写联系名
- 椭圆形框:表示属性,框中书写属性名
- 连线:实体与属性,实体与联系,联系与属性之间都用直线连接,
- 连接过程中还要在直线上标注来联系的类型:
- 1对1:联系方向各写1
- 1对多:1的一方写1,多的一方写n
- 多对多:连线方向各写n,m
实例
- 可随时查询书库中现有书籍的品种、数量与存放位置。所有各类书籍均可由书号惟一标识。
- 可随时查询书籍借还情况,包括借书人单位、姓名、借书证号、借书日期和还书日期。
- 约定:任何人可借多种书,任何一种书可为多个人所借,借书证号具有惟一性。

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