Beidou navigation technology and industrial application of "chasing dreams in space and feeling for Beidou"

The theme of this speech is ： Beidou navigation technology and industrial application . It is mainly divided into six parts ：

• The principle of satellite positioning

• The development of Beidou system

• Basic functions and function iteration of Beidou system

• The application of Beidou System in the actual scene

• Reflection on the successful experience and lessons of Beidou System in application

• The development trend of Beidou system

Before sharing , Let's start with a little story , Why are you so persistent about Beidou system ？

Do you remember 2000 Years ago , What we use GPS Service accuracy is 100 rice , In fact, the real service accuracy of the system is 10 Rice or so ,100 The error of meters is caused by artificial interference to satellite signals . This is it. GPS Of SA policy ,GPS The system can shut down some user areas , You can also choose to add artificial interference , Make the positioning inaccurate , So it is very important to have an independent satellite navigation system .

Since the navigation system is so important , Why are there only four major navigation systems in the world ？ Let's start with the basic principle of the navigation system .

Principle of satellite positioning

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Simply speaking , Assume that the spatial coordinates of the user are （X、Y、Z） Is the unknown to be solved , The space coordinates of the satellite （X₁、Y₁、Z₁） Is a known number , Through the formula of distance between two points ,3 Composed of stars 3 An equation , You can figure out 3 An unknown number （X、Y、Z）, therefore 3 One satellite can realize the positioning service , Generally, it also uses the 4 Common error of star solutions （ It's equivalent to 4 An unknown number ）, To achieve global coverage , General 20 A few satellites . Every satellite has a lifetime , Therefore, not every country has such economic strength and technical capacity to build its own satellite navigation system .

The development of Beidou system

1.   Beidou in its infancy

stay 90 We didn't have that much money in China in the s , The late academician chenfangyun creatively put forward the principle of double star positioning ： That is, two satellites in synchronous orbit are used to realize positioning （ Take the earth's elevation as a known number ）, Provide regional services .

2.   The development of Beidou

Beidou Cong 1989 Technical validation started in ,1994 Officially established in ,2000 The first satellite was launched in ,2007 The first Beidou II satellite was launched in ,2020 In, the world networking was in place , It took me a long time to get to this point 30 Years of time .

therefore , No success can be achieved overnight , It is the result of the persistence and dedication of generations of Beidou people .

Basic functions of Beidou system

The Beidou system now has the ability of positioning 、 The three basic functions of short message and time service , Can provide services to the world . But in practical application, the basic positioning accuracy is far from enough , So we began to build the satellite navigation enhancement system , Including ground-based positioning enhancement and satellite based positioning enhancement .

1. Ground positioning enhancement is also called local positioning enhancement

That is, the positioning accuracy is calibrated by laying a reference station on the ground . Its basic principle is , The location of the reference station is known , The real-time position solution located by the reference station has errors , Compare with known location data , Form error parameters , Send this error parameter to the user , Users correct their real-time positioning results through error parameters , To achieve high-precision positioning . From this principle, we can see , The closer the user is to the reference station , The higher the accuracy , It can even reach millimeter level .

2. Satellite based positioning enhancement

That is, to set up reference stations in the whole country and even the world , It can realize dynamic centimeter precision service .

From another dimension , Enhancement can be divided into active location enhancement and passive location enhancement .

1. Active positioning enhancement

That is, provide the user's location to the location service system or platform , The positioning service system or platform provides navigation and positioning services to users in the form of cloud computing . Baidu Maps 、 Gaode map is a typical active service form .

2.  Passive location services

Active location services for some important customers , It will involve the user's location privacy , Based on this , It can be done in another way , namely Passive location services , The basic station calculates the travel sub parameters and broadcasts them to the user , It is up to the user to eliminate the error , Achieve high-precision positioning , This method requires high computing capability of user equipment .

The application of Beidou in the actual scene

Beidou's basic services are matched with enhanced technologies , It can provide very precise services , It has been widely used in all walks of life , Such as ： Transportation safety 、 Transportation organization 、 Epidemic prevention and control 、 Return to work and production, etc .

1. In terms of transportation safety

Road transportation is one of the earliest industries to use Beidou , Now? 700 More than ten thousand “ Two passengers, one dangerous and one heavy ” Beidou terminals have been installed on all operating vehicles , Since Beidou technology was widely used , once 10 The death rate of major road transport accidents with more than people decreased year-on-year 92% above , It has achieved very obvious application effect .

2. In terms of transportation organization

Network freight transport is equivalent to... In the field of freight transport “ online car-hailing ”, hit “ online car-hailing ” Cannot leave the position , Network freight also needs the support of Beidou location data .

3. In other ways

There are many other examples of Beidou's application in the transportation industry , for instance ： Multimodal transport 、 Cold chain transportation 、 Smart port, etc .

In addition to transportation applications , Beidou has also been widely used in other industries . Such as ： Intelligent agriculture automatic driving of agricultural machinery 、 Forest fire emergency rescue 、 Cherish forest tracking and monitoring 、 Mobile navigation 、 The power infrastructure is not monitored , The most widely used time service function is the time synchronization of communication base stations .

4. In terms of epidemic prevention and control

For people , Health code 、 Trip code , It is realized by positioning the communication base station .

For operating vehicles , There are also health codes and trip codes , It is realized through Beidou position data .

5. In terms of returning to work and production

2020 In the early years of the epidemic , The Ministry of transport issued a document “ It is required to guarantee the return to work and production travel services of migrant workers ”.

For epidemic prevention and control , The road travel between provinces has been artificially cut off （ Verify the epidemic situation ）, In this case , In order to allow migrant workers to travel across provinces , I lead the team with 18 Hours to build “ Beidou based migrant workers' travel system ”, Vehicle related data will be automatically transmitted to the other province , To achieve unimpeded .

As can be seen from the picture , System 2 month 11 After daily online use, the data starts to go up , It shows that migrant workers began to use chartered cars to travel ,2 End of month to 3 It reached the data peak at the beginning of the month , It shows that it is also the peak of migrant workers' travel ,4 The data at the beginning of the month is basically zero , explain 4 At the beginning of this month, the epidemic situation was basically stable , Migrant workers began to change from chartered travel to regular travel .

Above picture , The two pictures on the left are the comparison of travel data between national online car hailing and Wuhan online car Hailing , The top right corner is the national freight travel data . As you can see from the diagram , The recovery time of people travel lags behind that of freight travel , The recovery time of Wuhan passenger transport lags behind that of the whole country .

As can be seen from this example , Beidou big data can timely reflect the economic operation , Therefore, it is very necessary to ensure the security of big data information .

The application of Beidou system

Successful experience and reflection

Beidou application experience in transportation industry

Good technology should be used well , It must be deeply integrated with the business work , At the same time, supporting policies are needed .

The application of Beidou in the transportation industry can be summarized in four sentences : Standards first , Supporting policies , System management , Financial security .

In order to make Beidou application in place , We made 4 Industry standards , And promote the implementation in the form of ministerial order .

In order to put the policy into place , We have also issued the system operation management measures .

Of course, good applications can not be separated from financial support . On the one hand, we actively strive for special funds for the Beidou demonstration project , For example ： The first demonstration project cost of the second generation Beidou 1.2 Billion , Beidou special support 6000 ten thousand 、 Supported by the Ministry of transport 3000 ten thousand 、 Local transportation facilities 3000 ten thousand .

It is not enough to rely solely on demonstration projects , Traffic has accumulated experience through demonstration projects , Then form policy guarantee , The comprehensive popularization and application shall be realized by means of installation before the vehicle leaves the factory , In addition, the Ministry of transport and the Ministry of finance of the people's Republic of China have formulated a special plan for industrial application of Beidou .

Reflection on Beidou application in transportation industry

At the initial stage of Beidou application , The transportation industry adopts GPS And Beidou compatible terminals , However, due to the high degree of marketization of the transportation industry , In the process of application, there have been GPS Instead of Beidou “ Fake Beidou ” The phenomenon .

The purpose of our application of Beidou is , The critical moment is not controlled by others , Transportation organization shall not be disordered . Based on this , I led the team to develop the Beidou verisimilitude technology , Extract several parameters from Beidou equipment and send them to the management platform , The current position data can be identified in real time. It is provided by Beidou , It is also provided by other navigation systems , The problem was solved .

The development trend of Beidou

Technically , Beidou's service accuracy is getting higher and higher .

From the device , User terminals are getting smaller and smaller , Not only their own chip , It can also be integrated into other chips .

From the big system , Through the inter satellite link technology, the dependence on the ground for the system operation capability becomes weaker and weaker .

From the perspective of application , Beidou will communicate with satellite in the form of chip 、 Satellite remote sensing 、 Ground communication, etc .

In addition, the satellite signal can not enter the room , In order to realize indoor and outdoor continuous positioning service , Beidou is integrated with indoor positioning technology in application , such as ： Visual positioning 、5G Positioning, etc .

The future Beidou will exist in all walks of life in the form of chips , In various application fields . Beidou will fly with Baidu . Dream of space , Love Beidou , Let's wait and see .

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