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程序的编译与链接
2022-07-24 09:33:00 【pythoncjavac++】
目录
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程序的翻译环境和执行环境
1.翻译环境,在这个环境源码被翻译成可执行的机器指令。
2.执行环境,它用于实际执行代码。
可以根据下面那这张图来理解

翻译环境
这张图讲述了翻译环境大致所做,如果想仔细观察可以在Linux环境下观察每一步所做。
执行环境
1.程序必须载入内存中,在有操作系统的环境中,这个一般由操作系统来完成,在独立的环境中,程序的载入必须由手工安排,也可能是通过可执行代码置入只读内存来完成。
2.程序的执行便开始,接着调用main函数。
3.开始执行程序代码,这个时候程序将使用一个运行时堆栈(strack),存储函数的变量和返回地址,程序同时也可以使用静态(stack)内存,存储于静态内存的变量在程序的整个执行过程中一直保留它们的值。
4.终止程序,正常终止main函数,也有可能是意外终止。
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