REST风格

表现形式状态转换

优点

• 隐藏资源的访问行为，无法通过地址得知是对资源是何种操作

• 书写简化

  ---

http://localhost/users 查询全部用户信息 GET(查询)

http://localhost/users/1 查询指定用户信息 GET(查询)

http://localhost/users 添加用户信息 POST(新增/保存)

@RequestMapping(value = "/users",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String save(){
    
    System.out.println("user save...");
    return "{'module': 'user save'}";
}

http://localhost/users 修改用户信息 PUT(修改/更新)

http://localhost/users/1 删除用户信息 DELETE(删除)

有参数，使用@PathVariable注解从路径中获取参数

@RequestMapping(value = "/users/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
@ResponseBody
public String delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
    
    System.out.println("user delete...id:"+id);
    return "{'module': 'user delete'}";
}

@RequestBody @RequestParam @PathVariable区别：

@RequestParam 用于接受url地址传参或表单传参

@RequestBody 用于接受json数据

@PathVariable 用于接受路径参数，使用{参数名称}描述路径参数

简化操作：

//@Controller
//@ResponseBody
//两者合为下面一个
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/users")

public class UserController {
    

// @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    //替换为
 @PostMapping
    public String save() {
    
        System.out.println("user save...");
        return "{'module': 'user save'}";
    }

// @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public String delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
    
        System.out.println("user delete...id:" + id);
        return "{'module': 'user delete'}";
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@GetMapping("/{id}")
    public String selectById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
    

        System.out.println("user selectById...id:" + id);
        return "{'module': 'user selectById'}";

    }


}

案例：基于RESTful页面数据交互

1.先做后台功能，开发接口并调通接口

Controller类中写入两个功能（新建保存，查询所有）

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
    

    @PostMapping
    public String save(@RequestBody Book book){
    

        System.out.println("book save!"+book);
        return "{ module:'book save'}";
    }


    @GetMapping
    public List<Book> getAll(){
    

        List<Book> list=new ArrayList<>();

        Book book1=new Book();
        book1.setType("计算机");
        book1.setName("SpringMVC入门教程");

        book1.setDescription("小试牛刀");

        Book book2=new Book();
        book2.setType("计算机");
        book2.setName("SpringMVC实战教程");

        book2.setDescription("一代宗师");
        Book book3=new Book();
        book3.setType("计算机");
        book3.setName("SpringMVC实战教程进阶");
        book3.setDescription("一代宗师呕血创作");
        list.add(book1);
        list.add(book2);
        list.add(book3);
        return list;

    }



}

在postman中调通接口

第一个功能

第二个功能

2.做页面异步调用，确认功能可以正常访问

//添加
saveBook () {
    axios.post("/books",this.formData).then((res)=>{


    });
},

//主页列表查询
getAll() {
    axios.get("/books").then((res)=>{
        this.dataList = res.data;
    });
},

3.完成页面数据展示

点击确定返回到控制台查看

数据保存成功

4.补充：放行静态资源

创建一个类继承 WebMvcConfigurationSupport重写其中的addResourceHandlers方法

添加所需要放行的资源

@Configuration
public class SpringMvcSupport extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    
    //添加资源过滤
    @Override
    protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
    
        registry.addResourceHandler("/pages/**").addResourceLocations("/pages/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**").addResourceLocations("/css/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**").addResourceLocations("/js/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/plugins/**").addResourceLocations("/plugins/");
    }
}

然后要在配置类中扫描该类

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({
    "com.itheima.controller","com.itheima.config"})
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig {
    

}