The interview questions and answers for the high-frequency software test of Dachang help you prepare for the golden nine silver ten

There are still two months to go before the golden nine silver ten job hunting season , From year to year 9 The month and 10 month , It is a good time for graduates to apply for jobs , Many enterprises try to attract talents , A job fair for fresh students will be held in September every year . Next, Xiaobian has prepared interview questions and answers for high-frequency software testing of many large factories for you ,

Tell me about your recent project , What are you mainly responsible for ？ say something xx How modules are tested ？

Inspection point ： Test thinking of the project

Interview hit rate ： 95% above

Refer to the answer ： Familiar with project business process , use 2-3 In a word, a brief summary of the project business （ Everyone summarizes according to the items written in their resume ） I am mainly responsible for the module ： Note that the core business function module , Avoid registering for a module with a slightly lower technical content , Reflect that you have the core functions related to the project ; Then explain that you are responsible for the test content of this module , For example, functional testing , The interface test , automated testing , Performance test, etc . Keep asking you xx How did you test the module ？ Just follow the following 3 Step ： 1） Describe requirements, conditions and constraints ; 2） Then it explains its own test points and the use case design method of extracting test points    3） Then explain the specific test points , Include normal and abnormal test points

Do you know the use of database addition, deletion, modification and query syntax ？Group by and order by difference ？Drop and delete The difference between ？ How to insert some data ？

Inspection point ： Knowledge of databases

Interview hit rate ： 80%+ above

Refer to the answer ： Add, delete, change and check can basically use ; Including single table query Multi table associated query , Left connection Right link, etc Group by It's grouping , Generally, when some data statistics are needed , For example, the largest data in a group 、 total 、 Quantity, average, etc. will use grouping ; Order by It's sort , In ascending or descending order ; If the two are to be used together , Group first and then sort , First groupby, after order by. Drop and delete Are commands to delete database data , however drop Will delete the table 、 The structure of the library ,delete The structure of the table will not be deleted , Only the data in it will be deleted . For the test, use delete There will be more . Insert partial data ：Insert into ( Field ）values1,values2

Linux What are your commands ？ How the Linux Create folder ？ How to find the file and its contents ？ How to view files 100 Row to 200 That's ok ？

Inspection point ： linux Operation command

Interview hit rate ： 90%+ above

Refer to the answer ： （ Be careful ：Linux Commands are combined with business operations , Don't simply list ： There are some simple commands. Don't say , such as ls cd pwd This primary command ） We use... In our work Linux Basically build a test environment , So some decompression commands tar, And text editing commands vi/ VIM, And check whether the service is started by checking the process ps -ef command , View port status netstat -apn, And empowerment orders chmod, see file cat tail more less etc. , And check the dynamic log when analyzing problems tail -f etc. ; The command to create a folder is Mkdir xxx ; Find the file with find command ,find / -name file name ; lookup 、 The contents of the document are grep command ; see file 100 Row to 200 Line command ：head -n 200 filename | tail -n 100

Jmeter How to do interface test ？ How to test the association of interfaces ？

Inspection point ： Interface testing and jemete Tools

Interview hit rate ： 95%+ above

Refer to the answer ： First of all, the process of interface testing is ： According to the interface documents provided by the development , Write interface test cases ; Then use... According to the use case Jmeter To test ; Jmeter Do interface tests ： test plan --> Add thread group --> add to http request --> Input url+ port + Request method + Parameters --> Add header information --> Add view result tree to view response message Then compare the expected results of the interface test cases , The database will also be checked synchronously , Confirm the correctness of interface test results （ have access to Navicat Connect to database , Or use Jmeter add to jdbc Request database information ）. In addition, some data will also be defined as user variable calls ; And batch testing , Will use csv Test components read data for batch testing ; Interface Association ： We're going to use Jmeter Post processor for ,JSON Extractor and regular extractor , such as cookies token You can extract it and assign it to a variable , Then the next interface calls this variable ;

app Testing and Web Test differences ？

Inspection point ： APP Testing and WEB test

Interview hit rate ： 80%+ above

Refer to the answer ： app Testing and Web The test method and function test are similar ; The main differences are as follows ： APP Installation needs to be tested separately 、 Uninstall and upgrade ,Web It's not necessary APP There are also specific test points for mobile phone behavior , For example, network type test （3G4G5Gwifi hotspot ） And other network types / Switch , And weak network testing ; And interrupt testing , Because mobile phones have a lot of behavior that can lead to APP Interrupted ; And the test of message push , And the permission test of the mobile phone ; There are also some horizontal and vertical screen switching tests , And gestures 、 Test supported by touch screen, etc , These are APP need and Web The end does not need to be tested ; Compatibility ：APP Consider the phone model System version , Compatibility requirements such as screen size , and Web What needs to be considered at the end is the compatibility test of the browser .

fiddler What's wrong app Carry out the bag ？Fiddler How to set up a weak network ？ The focus of weak network testing ？

Inspection point ： fiddler Caught tools

Interview hit rate ： 90%+ above

Refer to the answer ： fiddler Grab your cell phone bag ： Need to be APP Set the proxy on the client side , Point to fiddler; and fiddler Configure ports and allow remote machines to connect ; If grab is needed https Message of , You also need to install a certificate , Decrypt the message ; fiddler Set the weak network environment ： Is in the fiddler Configure rules on - Increase packet loss and delay , And then put fiddler Set as the network agent of the mobile phone ; Give Way APP Let's go fiddler The simulated weak network environment ; The focus of weak network testing ： a、 Data will not be submitted repeatedly b、 Tips are friendly c、 Not going to happen ANR and crash

bug What are the methods of positioning ？/ How to locate and distinguish the front and back ends bug？

Inspection point ： bug location / Caught tools

Interview hit rate ： 95%+ above

Refer to the answer ： bug The positioning methods mainly include packet capturing and log analysis , And database data location ; Distinguish between front and rear bug Mainly through packet capture analysis ： If this bug Is the interface layout error , Like compatibility issues , It's obviously the front end bug; For network instability js/css Not fully loaded or request timed out , You can optimize the front-end code , For example, compression js/css, Increase timeout ; Generally, there is no need to mention bug; But loading page elements under normal network timeout ( You can see the loading time of the element by capturing the package ), front end bug For data or logic processing problems , You can analyze the interface through the packet capture tool , For website projects, you can use F12, Mobile app The project by fiddler a、 Check that the front end does not send a request , Or the requested parameters are wrong , It's the front-end problem . b、 The front end made a request , No problem with parameters ,, There is no response from the backend or there is a problem with the data returned from the backend , It's the back-end problem . c、 The back end returns It's also true , But the front end doesn't display correctly , Generally, there is an error in the data of the front-end rendering response , It's the front-end problem And you can view the error log synchronously 、 Check the database data to determine which level of problem

Develop what you think bug No bug What do I do ？ Appear occasionally bug How to deal with ？

Inspection point ： bug Track and manage processes

Interview hit rate ： 95%+ above

Refer to the answer ： 1. Developers say my bug No bug, What should I do ？ a、 Tell the developer bug On the basis of , At the same time, it is clear that development is not bug The reason of . b、 Check the reasons for development , Verification basis 1. Refer to the requirements document , 2. Refer to the implementation of mature products ; After verification , If I think it's still bug, Just communicate with the developer , List evidence from demand and mature products , Convince developers to fix this bug; c、 If communication still fails to reach agreement , Communicate with the product manager to confirm . d、 If you communicate with the product and confirm , If it is bug Submit to development for processing , Ensure product quality ; If the product says no bug, Just update bug Note and close this bug. 2. Appear occasionally bug, What are you going to do with ？ a、 Record this first bug, And repeated attempts to reproduce , Mark bug The recurrence rate of ; If the recurrence rate is high , Can urge development to repair and provide logs and screenshots b、 If the recurrence is low , Can be reproduced , Call the developer to locate the test environment and collect useful information , Auxiliary repair bug c、 Track multiple versions if they still cannot be replicated , Just before the release , Note this bug And shut down .

tcp/ip agreement , Three handshakes and four waves ？ACK What is it? ？

Inspection point ： Network protocol and network basics

Interview hit rate ： 75%+ above

Refer to the answer ： TCP Illustration of the process of three handshakes and four waves ： ACK It is a confirmation message , Confirm whether the last message has been received , And whether the received is correct .

web How to do compatibility testing ？

Inspection point ： Compatibility test

Interview hit rate ： 85%+ above

Refer to the answer ： Web Compatibility test ： The main consideration is the compatibility test of the browser , There are three main principles for choosing browsers for compatibility testing ： The browser specified by the user takes precedence Select browsers with different cores for testing according to the kernel type of the browser When there are not many browsers with the same type of kernel , Select mainstream browsers for testing according to user usage Then, compatibility testing is generally accompanied by functional testing , Check the display and friendliness of the page .

Tell me about a recent project ？

Inspection point ： Project business process

Interview hit rate ： 99%+ above

Refer to the answer ： One of my recent projects is an e-commerce website , He is a xx Category , Then the main functional modules he involves are registration 、 Sign in 、 And the shopping cart , Order query modules .（ A brief introduction to the project ） When I tested this project , Responsible for writing a test case in terms of function , After writing , I think we'll have a use case review in-house , After the review, a test execution will be conducted for the functional test cases , If problems are found, they will submit bug To bug Management platform ;（ Function test process ） Then I have done interface test , Write interface test cases according to interface documents , choice Jmeter perform , If problems are found during execution, they will also be submitted to bug Management platform ;（ Interface test process ） Before testing again, we also built a test environment , After the final test , Evaluate bug And whether the test cases meet the online standards , And write a test report ; This is about such a workflow .

Can you tell me about the shopping cart in your project , What test points did you test  ？

Inspection point ： Test thinking

Interview hit rate ： 90%+ above

Refer to the answer ： There are logged in and logged out scenarios ; If you are not logged in , When you add a shopping cart, you will be prompted to log in first ; If you have logged in , Can operate normally ; Entrance to shopping cart -- Generally, for example, Taobao has a shopping cart at the top of the commodity page , And from the top of the home page to the shopping cart ; Can jump The goods in the shopping cart -- a Multiple pieces , Multiple businesses Multiple items ; Show , And click to jump to the product details page ; Increase, decrease and input of commodity quantity , The data type entered from 、 stock 、 Consider the purchase restriction rules , Find valid equivalence class and invalid equivalence class , And off the shelf 、 The goods without goods show ; choice Future generations And delete items , Confirm the total price The quantity and total price in the settlement Click settle You can jump to Order page , Consider the interaction with the order interaction module Consider interacting with coupons Consider non functional testing ： Interface ： The beauty of the page , There's no typo and Page layout, etc Compatibility ：Web The end can be compatible with mainstream browsers ,APP The terminal can be compatible with mobile phone and system version performance ： Multiple access , Long visit Consider stability, etc Security ： Transmission of sensitive information , Vulnerability scanning, etc

What test points do you consider when logging in ？

Inspection point ： Test thinking

Interview hit rate ： 90%+ above

Refer to the answer ： If you log in , Define the needs , For example, there are several input items , If there are 3 Multiple entries ： User name and password , Verification Code ; Functional aspects , First consider the normal login ; Then consider some exceptions for each input item ： For example, the number of digits of mobile phone number （10,12 length ）、 What format does the data type support （ The digital - Alphabetic characters, spaces ）, When the input 0 When , Then enter a negative number , When typing repeatedly , And don't enter （ When it's empty ）; Then there is the password. Similarly, consider from these dimensions , The equivalent class and boundary value method are used to design the test points , And verification code ; It is probably the consideration of such a test point . If it's a non functional test , Will test its compatibility （）, There is also an interface （ beautiful Typesetting Wrongly written characters ）, The compatibility test is Web End words , Test the compatibility of the browser , There are others like 、、 That interface test , Like page layout , Whether the text size is complete 、 Regulate these , Function points will be tested wherever the page can be clicked , That's about it .

You know what http Your status code ？

Inspection point ： http Common status codes of the protocol

Interview hit rate ： 90%+ above

Refer to the answer ： 1xx： This type of status code represents a temporary response . Before the client receives a regular response , Should be ready to receive one or more 1xx Respond to . 100 continue . 101 Handover protocol . 200 -OK： Indicates that the request sent from the client to the server is processed normally and returned ; 204 - No Content： Indicates that the request sent by the client to the client has been successfully processed , But the main body of the entity is not included in the returned response message （ No resources to return ）; 206 Patial Content： Indicates that the client has made a range request , And the server successfully executed this part of GET request , The response message contains the message from Content-Range Specify the scope of entity content . 301 Moved Permanently： Permanent redirection , Indicates that the requested resource is assigned a new URL, After that, the changed URL; 302 Found： Temporary redirections , Indicates that the requested resource is assigned a new URL, I hope to use the new URL; 303 See Other： Indicates that the requested resource is assigned a new URL, You should use GET Method to get the requested resource ; 304 Not Modified： Resources have not changed , Has been cached 400 Bad Request： Indicates that there is a syntax error in the request message ; 401 Unauthorized： Unauthorized , Need to pass through HTTP authentication ; 403 Forbidden： The server denied the access （ There is a problem with access rights ） 404 Not Found： Indicates that the requested resource could not be found on the server , besides , It can also be used when the server rejects the request but does not want to give the reason for rejection ; 500 Inter Server Error： Indicates that the server made an error while executing the request , It could be Web Applications exist bug Or some temporary mistake ; 503 Server Unavailable： Indicates that the server is temporarily overloaded or under shutdown maintenance , Unable to process request ;

I usually use SQL Do you ？ Can the left link write ？SQL Addition, deletion and modification of

Inspection point ： Basic use of database

Interview hit rate ： 90%+ above

Refer to the answer ： Insert into Insert a table Deleted words are delete from The query statement is usually select from Modify use update set Left connection ：left join , The rules ： Subject to the left table , There is no field on the right to get Null replace

What will the test do between the test report and the product launch ？

Inspection point ： Project testing process

Interview hit rate ： 90%+ above

Refer to the answer ： After we finish the test , Will evaluate the quality of the product （ Use cases bug）, Then the next conclusion is whether it meets the online standard . This report will be sent to the relevant project personnel , For example, development 、 product 、 Project manager, etc ; Then our product department will conduct a round of acceptance test （UAT）, Acceptance test failed , Call back to the testing department to retest ; If it passes , Will enter the online process ： Development will be packaged , Make an online bag , Then our project manager and O & M deploy to the generation environment ; The test will verify the basic functions on the generation environment , Ensure the quality of the online version ; If there is a problem, roll back in time , No problem , Just go online successfully .

Will the process test of product release to the online be involved ？ What will be done in the quality test after release ？

Inspection point ： Project testing process

Interview hit rate ： 85%+ above

Refer to the answer ： It will be . The test report evaluates the quality ; Testing should always wait for the ready version of development , Deploy to online environment , Then test for simple validation , Prevent serious problems with online versions ; After the verification is passed , To announce the success of the launch ; Verification failed , For version emergency repair , Then go online again . After the release , We will track online problems ; If there are users bug, That need to be replicated and followed up , And if it's not in the test case , It needs to be enriched into the test case library ;---- Continuously improve test cases in addition , It will also count and analyze some commonly used usage scenarios , Adjust our testing strategy and focus by analyzing user behavior ; It is convenient to better improve the user experience .

What is the purpose of defect analysis in the test report stage ？

Inspection point ： Test report and defect analysis

Interview hit rate ： 85%+ above

Refer to the answer ： The purpose of defect analysis is to have several ： By analyzing the status of defects , For example, what else is open , Which states are not repaired , Delayed status, etc , We can know the remaining bug The risk of , And whether it meets the online standard ; You can also analyze bug Proportion of severity level ： The general normal distribution should be general bug More , Serious and fatal bug less , If there is an abnormal distribution , We need to analyze what the reason is , Do a good job of optimization and avoidance ;-- Development issues , Code review , Analyze according to the module ： Generally, modules with complex functions bug There will be more , If the same exception occurs , You can also analyze the work problems in development or testing ; Analyze by version （bug Distribution statistics ）： Normally , With the increase of versions ,bug The number should be less and less , If there is an anomaly , It may be an intermediate process problem , Or new needs are added , Or develop fixes bug Serious regression problems, etc . in general , Through defect analysis , Evaluate the quality test process of the product （ test i Development product ） Do some optimization .

How to control quality during testing ？ How to determine whether the product is qualified ？

Inspection point ： Test quality assurance

Interview hit rate ： 80%+ above

Refer to the answer ： Test quality by controlling test cases , Design use cases according to some use case design methods , And strengthen the review and optimization ; By performing cross tests within the group , It can avoid some missing tests caused by solidified thinking ; You can use automated testing , To improve testing efficiency , Thus, the test quality can be improved .-- regression testing automation Strengthen the review in the demand stage The test report involves ： Whether the test case is completed . Test cases should be completed at least before the product goes online 90%+ The use case , The remaining use cases should indicate the reason , And lower priority ; The remaining bug The quantity and degree of verification should meet the standard . The remaining bug It shouldn't still exist blocker、critical Grade bug, If you can't go online ; remainder major Of bug It should not exceed a certain proportion （ It depends on the company ）. The last round of regression test before going online has been completed . The last version, that is, the online version, must go through a complete round of regression after three conditions , To reach the online standard .

One Bug What records are included in the record ？ How to submit high quality software defects (Bug) Record ？

Inspection point ： Test defect record

Interview hit rate ： 85%+ above

Refer to the answer ： bug contain ： title , step （ Test data ）, test result , Expected results ,bug Severity and priority of , Functional modules and assignments , The attachment （ journal ） Submit high quality bug Pay attention to some points. ： The title is clear ： Write which function module , And operation and phenomenon results ;-- You can know what the problem is from the title . Step by step ： Write down every step , There is data to provide data （ Login account / Upload files, etc ）, Provide screenshots （ evidence , And more clearly ！） Execution results ： Describe the operation results clearly , Provide screenshots （ Moving graph , video ）; Expected results ： From test cases , Guide developers on how to fix this bug Of , So be reasonable and clear .

Is there anything that needs to be optimized in terms of project process and testing ？

Inspection point ： Testing process

Interview hit rate ： 85%+ above

Refer to the answer ： The main optimization includes the following aspects ： Set strict time nodes , And supervise the development and test implementation ; Because most of the time, the development time is lengthened , The test time is compressed very little , This is not conducive to the guarantee of test quality ;-- Generality Strengthen the review process of test cases ; The review is now available, but isn't it very strict , And the development and product parts will not be involved ; But in fact, there are many inconsistencies in the understanding of development and testing and unequal information , Can be avoided through use case review ; Strengthen the code review of development , And unit test supervision ; There are often some Hu regression tests bug In fact, it is caused by developing and repairing code ; Strengthen code review , And develop self-test , You can also avoid these problems .

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