Configuration of static routes (take Huawei ENSP as an example)

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Possible knowledge points ：

Static routing

  1. View routing table ：

[r1]display ip routing-table

 2. Table lookup rules of routing table ：

      1. Recursive search

      2. most ⻓ matching

  3. Next ⼀ Skip writing ：

[r1]ip route-static 23.1.1.0 24 12.1.1.2  It is suggested that ⽤ In the ether ⽹ Environment  
                Unknown ⽹ paragraph   Unknown ⽹ paragraph ⼦⽹ Mask   Next ⼀ jump ip Address 
                 （ Connect with my local direct connection segment ⼝ Of ip Address ） 

4. Out and out ⼝ How to write it ：

[r1]ip route-static 23.1.1.0 24 s4/0/0  Out and out ⼝ How to write it   It is suggested that ⽤ In the string ⾏ In link  

5. Summary of static routes ：

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22 12.1.1.2  Summary 

6. Default route ：

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 23.1.1.1

7. Air connection ⼝ route ：

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22 NULL 0

8. Floating static routing ：

ip route-static 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 21.1.1.2 preference 61

Experimental Topology ：

One 、 First of all to PC1、PC2、PC3、PC4、PC5.PC6、PC7 To configure IP And rename six routers （r1-r6）.      

 PC2、PC3、PC4、PC5、PC6、PC7 Follow this rule to configure

        PC1:172.16.1.254/24        PC2:172.16.1.253/24        PC3:192.168.1.254/24

        PC4:192.168.1.253/24        PC5:192.168.2.254/24    PC6;192.168.2.253/24

        PC7：67.1.1.2/24

Two 、 by AR1-AR6 Each interface configuration of six routers IP

    Take router 1 as an example , The rest are analogized according to this rule ：

[r1]interface g0/0/0
 [r1]ip address 16.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 

[r1]interface g0/0/1
 [r1]ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 

[r1]interface g0/0/2
 [r1]ip address 67.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 

  3、 ... and 、 Use knowledge points 3 Write the next skip for each paragraph

  With r6 Take router No ：

[r6]ip route-static 12.1.1.0    24  16.1.1.2 
[r6]ip route-static 21.1.1.0    24  16.1.1.2 preference 61
[r6]ip route-static 24.1.1.0    24  16.1.1.2 
[r6]ip route-static 45.1.1.0    24  16.1.1.2
[r6]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22  16.1.1.2  

        The difference here is , In order to achieve PC1 visit PC345 Go up there ,R1-R2 Enable backup ,21.1.1.0/24 Enable backup , To be in 21.1.1.0/24 Segment set priority to 61, and 192.168.1.0/24 and 192.168.2.0/24 To achieve summary （ Use the above knowledge points five ）, So for 192.168.0.0/22. Other routers are configured according to the above rules .

Four 、 To achieve PC3、4、5、6 Visiting room PC1、2 Go down R3 4 Realize equivalent routing between , Try to reduce the number of routing entries. The whole network can reach , So write for each paragraph 192.168.0.0/22 Next jump of , In order to achieve the effect of repacking .

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22 45.1.1.1
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22 34.1.1.1
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22 43.1.1.1
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22 13.1.1.1
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 22 16.1.1.1

  5、 ... and 、 In order to achieve R7 On behalf of the operator all pc You can visit , Use your knowledge 6 Implement the default route for each segment .

[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.1
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.1.1.1
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 43.1.1.1
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 13.1.1.1
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 16.1.1.1

6、 ... and 、 Check the routing table .

With r5 Take router No

<r5>display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 17       Routes : 17       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   Static  60   0          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       43.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     45.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
     172.16.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    192.168.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.1.1     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    192.168.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
  192.168.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    192.168.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.2.1     GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
    192.168.2.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
  192.168.2.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

According to the above table, the default route 0/0/0 My next jump is 45.1.1.1, In line with the question , And include all routing entries known to the subject .

7、 ... and 、 Test if PC You can visit .

1. First test PC1 and PC2、PC3 and PC4、PC5 and PC6, Whether the same network segment is interconnected .

With PC1  ping  PC2 For example ：

PC>ping 172.16.1.253

Ping 172.16.1.253: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 172.16.1.253: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=46 ms
From 172.16.1.253: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=32 ms
From 172.16.1.253: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 172.16.1.253: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 172.16.1.253: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=31 ms

--- 172.16.1.253 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/34/46 ms

The result is shown in Fig. ：

The other two results are the same as above , So don't show .

 2. testing 172.16.1.0/24 Paragraph and 192.168.0.0 Whether the segments are interconnected .

With PC1  ping  PC6 For example ：

PC>ping 192.168.2.253

Ping 192.168.2.253: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.2.253: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=123 time=109 ms
From 192.168.2.253: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=123 time=79 ms
From 192.168.2.253: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=123 time=93 ms
From 192.168.2.253: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=123 time=94 ms

--- 192.168.2.253 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/93/109 ms

The result is shown in Fig. ：

3.PC7 On behalf of the operator , use PC1-PC6 Test connectivity .

With PC6  ping  PC7 For example ：

PC>ping 67.1.1.2

Ping 67.1.1.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 67.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=123 time=63 ms
From 67.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=123 time=47 ms
From 67.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=123 time=47 ms
From 67.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=123 time=46 ms

--- 67.1.1.2 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/50/63 ms

  The result is shown in Fig. ：

in summary , According to the requirements of the experiment , To complete the steps .

Experiment link is attached ：https://pan.baidu.com/s/14lVPOkzkrkgbyElX2JSUWw  Extraction code :73s7

If there is a mistake , Please contact the author for deletion , And ask friends in the industry to correct , Thank you very much ！