5.4 Pyinstaller库安装与使用

Pyinstaller库：将.py源代码封装成可执行文件

Pyinstaller库使用

在.py文件目录下使用cmd命令

生成可执行文件命令

pyinstaller -F xx.py

清理打包临时文件

pyinstaller --clean xx.py

指定打包程序的图标文件icon

pyinstaller -i <图标文件名.ico> -F xx.py

Pyinstaller库安装

pip install pyinstaller

报错

Collecting pyinstaller
  Downloading pyinstaller-5.2-py3-none-win32.whl (1.1 MB)
     |▌                               | 20 kB 8.8 kB/s eta 0:02:05ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 519, in read
    data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\http\client.py", line 464, in read
    s = self.fp.read(amt)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\socket.py", line 705, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\ssl.py", line 1273, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\ssl.py", line 1129, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
TimeoutError: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 173, in _main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\req_command.py", line 203, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\commands\install.py", line 315, in run
    requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\resolver.py", line 94, in resolve
    result = self._result = resolver.resolve(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 472, in resolve
    state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 341, in resolve
    self._add_to_criteria(self.state.criteria, r, parent=None)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 172, in _add_to_criteria
    if not criterion.candidates:
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\structs.py", line 151, in __bool__
    return bool(self._sequence)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 140, in __bool__
    return any(self)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 128, in <genexpr>
    return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 32, in _iter_built
    candidate = func()
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\factory.py", line 204, in _make_candidate_from_link
    self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 295, in __init__
    super().__init__(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 156, in __init__
    self.dist = self._prepare()
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 227, in _prepare
    dist = self._prepare_distribution()
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 305, in _prepare_distribution
    return self._factory.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 508, in prepare_linked_requirement
    return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 550, in _prepare_linked_requirement
    local_file = unpack_url(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 239, in unpack_url
    file = get_http_url(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 102, in get_http_url
    from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\network\download.py", line 145, in __call__
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\progress_bars.py", line 144, in iter
    for x in it:
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\network\utils.py", line 63, in response_chunks
    for chunk in response.raw.stream(
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 576, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 512, in read
    with self._error_catcher():
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\contextlib.py", line 153, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)
  File "C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.3; however, version 22.1.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'C:\Users\kai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310-32\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

解决办法

python -m pip install -U pip

Requirement already satisfied: pip in c:\users\kai\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages (21.2.3)
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-22.1.2-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 2.1 MB 111 kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 21.2.3
    Uninstalling pip-21.2.3:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-21.2.3
Successfully installed pip-22.1.2

pip install pyinstaller

Requirement already satisfied: pip in c:\users\kai\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages (21.2.3)
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-22.1.2-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 2.1 MB 111 kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 21.2.3
    Uninstalling pip-21.2.3:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-21.2.3
Successfully installed pip-22.1.2

C:\Users\kai>pip install pyinstaller
Collecting pyinstaller
  Downloading pyinstaller-5.2-py3-none-win32.whl (1.1 MB)
     ---------------------------------------- 1.1/1.1 MB 25.5 kB/s eta 0:00:00
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in c:\users\kai\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages (from pyinstaller) (57.4.0)
Collecting pywin32-ctypes>=0.2.0
  Downloading pywin32_ctypes-0.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (28 kB)
Collecting pefile>=2022.5.30
  Downloading pefile-2022.5.30.tar.gz (72 kB)
     ---------------------------------------- 72.9/72.9 kB 18.8 kB/s eta 0:00:00
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Collecting altgraph
  Downloading altgraph-0.17.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (21 kB)
Collecting pyinstaller-hooks-contrib>=2021.4
  Downloading pyinstaller_hooks_contrib-2022.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl (239 kB)
     ---------------------------------------- 239.8/239.8 kB 11.5 kB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting future
  Downloading future-0.18.2.tar.gz (829 kB)
     ---------------------------------------- 829.2/829.2 kB 21.8 kB/s eta 0:00:00
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for pefile, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for future, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: pywin32-ctypes, altgraph, pyinstaller-hooks-contrib, future, pefile, pyinstaller
  Running setup.py install for future ... done
  Running setup.py install for pefile ... done
Successfully installed altgraph-0.17.2 future-0.18.2 pefile-2022.5.30 pyinstaller-5.2 pyinstaller-hooks-contrib-2022.8 pywin32-ctypes-0.2.0