Learning routes and materials for cloud native O & M engineers

Cloud Nativity has been the de facto standard in the cloud computing industry , Changed software development 、 Deployment, operation and maintenance 、 Way of thinking , It has also greatly changed the career direction of the operation and maintenance personnel , This also requires cloud native O & M engineers to master different technologies and methodologies than traditional O & M .

1、 The prospect of cloud native operation and maintenance

Whether a career direction has a future , Whether the job demand is large , What core skills do you need to master , Of course, the most reliable way is to search for relevant positions on the recruitment website , For example, cloud native operation and maintenance , You can search “ Cloud native operation and maintenance ”、“ DevOps The engineer ”、“SRE The engineer ”、“ Cloud native architect ”、“ Kubernetes Operation and maintenance ” Other keywords , You can see that the current demand for cloud native O & M posts is relatively large , The treatment prospect is far from that of traditional operation and maintenance .

At the same time, with the continuous evolution of the cloud computing industry , The work contents and responsibilities of cloud native O & M are very different from those of traditional O & M , Especially from tradition Linux The operation and maintenance of the operating system has turned to the operating system in the cloud native era Kubernetes In terms of operation and maintenance ：

• be familiar with DevOps、CI/CD, Responsible for the continuous delivery of application products and the construction of tool system for continuous operation and maintenance , Support the rapid iteration and stability tool construction of the business ;
• perfect Kubernetes Cluster monitoring system 、 Log analysis and comprehensive data operation （ Including availability indicators 、 Historical accident 、 Resource utilization, etc ）, Improve the effectiveness of monitoring and find faults in time , Ensure business availability ;
• Optimize Kubernetes Cluster operation and maintenance system , Continuously optimize the deployment of underlying basic components , Improve the operation and maintenance capacity and problem handling efficiency of each line
• be responsible for Kubernetes Construction of cluster operation and maintenance platform , Create an automated operation and maintenance and control system ; be responsible for Kubernetes Cluster management 、 Deployment of release 、 Design and implementation of observable systems ;

In contrast to the traditional Linux Operation and maintenance , Because cloud service providers provide IaaS、PaaS The popularity of , And the operation and maintenance automation is getting higher and higher , Many work contents of traditional operation and maintenance have been gradually replaced . Computer infrastructure （ Containerization 、 Public cloud 、 Mixed clouds, etc ）, Application Architecture （ Microservices 、 Distributed 、 Twelve elements app ） as well as DevOps、FinOps、DevSecOps And other development processes and methodologies put forward new requirements for the technical skills that the operation and maintenance personnel need to master .

2、 What technologies do you need to master for cloud native operation and maintenance

1、 Master a programming language

Usually , Operation and maintenance engineers have far less requirements for programming languages than programmers , Traditional O & M engineers need to master some popular scripting languages Shell 、Python . Many companies use Java , If you can understand Java, In particular, it can be deployed and launched independently Java project （ You don't need to be able to develop ） That's better. .

The vast majority of popular cloud native projects are Golang Developed , As a cloud native O & M engineer, I recommend learning Golang And put Golang As their main programming language .

Study Golang , Comparison recommendation Golang The official in the “go.dev/learn”（ You can enter this link in the browser ） Learning materials provided in , Like technical documentation 、《Tour of Go》、Go Of Web Dev、CLIs、《Go by example》 wait .

If you visit the website slowly or are not used to learning English , Recommendation is known as “ Go Language Bible ” Of 《Go Programming language 》（The Go Programming Language） This book ,Manning Of 《Go Language practice 》(Go in Action)、O'reilly Of 《Head First Go Language programming 》( This book is perfect for beginners ).

2、 Operating system foundation and command line

Linux The operating system and its command line can be said to be the basic knowledge that every programmer should master , It is also the responsibility of the operation and maintenance engineer “ Traditional art can ”, Cloud native O & M engineers are no exception .

This part of knowledge is very practical , It is recommended to install one locally or through a virtual machine Ubuntu , Or buy a cloud server on Tencent cloud CVM, You can't just read books or videos .

It is recommended 《 Linux Command line 》、《 Bird brother Linux Private dishes 》、《Linux/UNIX System programming manual 》

3、 computer network

DevOps It's development Development And operation and maintenance Operations The joint name of , Therefore, cloud native operation and maintenance also needs to master the core knowledge of computer science that developers must learn , In addition to the operating system , Computer network is also the content that needs to be mastered .

In addition to the need to understand OSI Seven layer network model 、 Process communication mode 、TCP/IP agreement 、HTTP/HTTPS、 Grab the bag 、iptables And some network and security knowledge required for local or self built server operation and maintenance ;

It is also recommended to practice and learn through the products and services provided by cloud service providers , For example, the ECS of Tencent cloud CVM、 Object storage COS、 Cloud database MySQL、 Load balancing 、NAT gateway 、 Private networks 、CDN、 The use of message queue and other products can help us to understand some cloud computing related services and the computer network related knowledge behind them .

4、 Development environment compilation and deployment

From the basic LAMP、LNMP、Wordpress And some popular open source projects are deployed online to cloud services , master Nginx、Tomcat、Apache Wait for the web server 、 Load balancing ,MySQL、Redis Database and cache .

The above knowledge is basically what traditional operation and maintenance engineers need to master , Of course, it is also the foundation of cloud native operation and maintenance , Cloud native operation and maintenance （ DevOps The engineer 、SRE Engineers, etc ） You mainly need to master the cloud native product ecology and culture ：

5、 Cloud based

Docker Containerization and Kubernetes Cluster can be said to be the most important foundation of cloud nativity , It is also recommended to start with hands-on practice . In actual combat , It is recommended to install and deploy locally Docker Environmental Science 、Kubernetes Cluster and online hosting provided by cloud service providers Kubernetes（ Such as Tencent cloud container products TKE、EKS） Match to learn , This is close to the actual production environment of the enterprise .

Even though Docker and Kubernetes The official technical documentation is a good introductory tutorial , But there are still some inevitable problems for many novices “ pit ”.

For this reason, Tencent cloud 【 Liaoyuan Society 】 Launched a set of lower learning threshold 、 More step-by-step 、 Cloud native technology workshop with more detailed content and more suitable for domestic users to learn , It aims to help more developers who are interested in cloud native technology master it quickly and systematically Docker And Kubernetes.

As an introductory course , Very friendly to beginners , Not only free , Also equipped with a special learning exchange group , Students in the group punch in and share , Excellent atmosphere ！

For details, please click the link ： Tencent cloud Liaoyuan technology workshop

6、 Microservices 、DevOps And cloud native monitoring

Microservices 、DevOps And cloud native monitoring , In addition to mastering basic technical products , such as Jenkins、Prometheus Etc , It also involves the process and methodology of some enterprises' cloud deployment and cloud native landing , Recommend reading 《 be based on Kubernetes The original cloud of DevOps》、《Kubernetes in Action》、《 Cloud native mode 》、《Kubernetes Design patterns 》(Kubernetes Patterns) And other related books .

Tencent cloud 【 Liaoyuan Society 】 It also launched a 3 Under the sky 【 Cloud native technology practice camp 】, Tencent's cloud technology expert team will give face-to-face first-line cloud native actual combat experience , Teach you how to transform your business into a container “ Best practices ”, Participants can not only make progress with programmers in various fields of the community , We can also work with Tencent senior architects 、 Continuous product communication .

For details, please click the link ： Tencent cloud Liaoyuan community cloud native technology practice camp

7、 Cloud primordial learning in different directions

The above contents are the basic contents that cloud native operation and maintenance needs to master , In different enterprises , Cloud native operation and maintenance may be divided into several directions , such as DevOps The engineer 、SRE The engineer 、 Platform architecture engineer, etc , Different directions require different points of advanced learning , however Docker、Kubernetes And the landing of cloud native in the enterprise is the cornerstone of these directions .

In depth study in different directions , It is necessary to refer to the enterprise's own business CNCF Some open source projects .

3、 About textual research and advanced

For the beginning 、 For intermediate cloud native O & M Engineers , Whether you want to set a goal for yourself , Or check the level of knowledge , Or job hunting , You might as well take a test of the certificates related to cloud nativity . Cloud native Computing Foundation CNCF, Generally speaking, it is more valuable than the certificates provided by many cloud manufacturers , Many enterprises also clearly put forward when recruiting CKA and CKAD It's a bonus . Most of these exams are practical exercises ,Kubernetes The official technical documentation is the only possible reference for the examination

• Kubernetes Application developer Certification Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD)：CKAD The test proves that the user can be Kubernetes Design 、 structure 、 Configure and publish cloud native applications . adopt CKAD Certified personnel are able to Kubernetes Define software resources and use core components to build 、 monitor 、 Check for scalable applications ;
• Kubernetes Administrator authentication Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA)：CKA Certification assurance CKA Certified personnel have the ability to perform Kubernetes Skills of administrator responsibilities 、 Knowledge and ability . Certified Kubernetes The administrator showed the basic installation and configuration 、 Manage product level Kubernetes Ability in clustering .
• Kubernetes Certified security expert (CKS)：Kubernetes The certified security expert program ensures that certificate holders are easily qualified for a variety of best practices .CKS Certification is included in the build 、 The deployment and runtime ensure that container based applications and Kubernetes Platform security skills . To participate in CKS The candidate must hold the current CKA certificate , To prove that they have enough Kubernetes Professional knowledge .

Of course, there are other certificates , I'm not going to go into that , After all, certificates are not an end , It is better to master Linux Children's shoes of operation and maintenance and cloud native foundation go to Tencent cloud 【 Liaoyuan Society 】 Organized offline technology practice camp , Architects who are closer to the production practice of enterprises and have large factories can have in-depth exchanges .