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优化——多目标规划
2022-06-26 03:16:00 【路Lu727】
1、作用
规划求解是研究约束条件下目标函数的极值问题的数学理论和方法。
2、输入输出描述
输入:目标函数,约束条件和决策变量取值范围。
输出:规划求解结果,以及规划求解方程导出。
3、相关概念
正偏差变量
:实际值超过目标值的量,大于等于0
负偏差变量
:实际值少于目标值的量,大于等于0
绝对约束:必须满足的条件
目标约束:尽量满足的条件,加上负偏差变量减去正偏差变量后成为等式
优先因子:主观上为每个目标赋予的权重
4、案例示例
两种产品,产品1 每个耗材为1,耗时为2天,利润为8万;产品2每个耗材为2,耗时为1天,利润为10万。总材料量为10。要求11天内必须完成。确定各自产量,尽量满足以下条件
条件1:产品1的产量不大于产品2;
条件2:应尽可能充分利用材料;
条件3:应尽可能达到并超过计划利润指标56万元;

确定优先因子
,
,
后,那么目标函数和约束条件为:

这样多目标规划就转化为单目标规划。
5、建模步骤
1.确定优先因子
2.构建目标函数
3.设置取值范围和约束条件
4.模型求解
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