Programming skills: script scheduling

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Script scheduling It's very common in several minute work , such as Some core data bosses want to see every day , If you come every morning to sort out the data and send it , It's too inefficient . The right thing to do is to write python Script , Schedule it regularly every day , Automatically send email daily report to the boss . And such as The amount of table data in a database is too large , To improve query efficiency , You can write an intermediate table , Insert filtered data at regular intervals every morning , In the future, you only need to find the intermediate table with a small amount of data . All in all , Script scheduling is important , Learning is . Summarize two scheduling methods ：1、Linxu crontab Dispatch .2、windows Task scheduler

Linxu crontab Dispatch

There are some prerequisites for using this scheduling method :

1、 Need to know some common linxu sentence

2、 You need a server

Linxu crontab Scheduling syntax

crontab The composition of the command is time + action , There are time-sharing days, months and weeks 5 Kind of , The corresponding sequence is shown in the following figure ：

The first 1 List minutes 1～59 Per minute * perhaps */1 Express

The first 2 List hours 1～23（0 Express 0 spot ）

The first 3 List date 1～31

The first 4 List month 1～12

The first 5 Column ID week 0～6（0 Sunday ）

The first 6 List the commands to execute

* * * * * command Time sharing day month week   Commands for scheduling scripts 

Continue with some examples , Suppose I want to be in the early morning every day 1 spot 30 Sub scheduling at /home/data/ The next path run.py The file of , Then write like this ：

30 01 * * * python3 /home/data/run.py branch   when   Sun Moon week  python   Absolute path /py Script 

There are a few more things to note crontab The operator of ：

*（ asterisk ）： This operator specifies all available values for the field . for instance , In the hour field , An asterisk is equivalent to every hour ; In the month field , An asterisk is equivalent to every month

,（ comma ）： It means to divide time . for instance , If the work to be performed is daily 2 Point and 4 Some time , That's how it's written

0 2,4 * * * command

-（ minus sign ）： For a period of time , for instance ,8 Point to 12 Every hour between points 20 Do one job at a time ：

20 8-12 * * * command

In fact, it is equivalent to

20 8,9,10,11,12 * * * command

/n（ Oblique line ）：n On behalf of the digital , That is, every n Unit interval , For example, every five minutes , be ：

*/5 * * * * command

crontab Use steps and related operations ：

1、 The installation log is used to check whether the task is actually executed

2、 start-up crontab, The first 1、2 This step is only required for initial use , Then go to step 3 directly .

3、 edit crontab Mission , You'll need one vim file

Edit at the end of the document . This means that a blank file will be created in the directory every minute .

4、 After adding crontab After the command , Press ctrl + o, Then press enter , Press ctrl +x Exit the editor , The server will display ：installing new crontab, representative crontab Insert the success .

5、 We can use crontab -l Check what scheduling tasks have been added

6、 Check the execution through the log

7、 It can be used crontab -r Delete crontab Mission

windows Task scheduler

windows Task planner for advantage Obviously , Don't write commands , Operate graphically .

shortcoming Also obvious ： It is necessary to keep the computer from shutting down and running directly during the scheduled time python Script , Need to put py Pack it up exe.

First of all, let's talk about how to python The script is wrapped in exe Program , This one is very simple .

1、 install  pyinstaller library

pip install pyinstaller

2、 take D disc Data The folder run.py pack exe

pyinstaller -F D:\Data\run.py

3、 The production of exe The file will be automatically generated dist Under the folder

It's packed exe after , say something windows How to use the task scheduler ？

1、 Open task scheduler

Right click the computer  →  management   →  Task scheduler

2、 Create basic tasks

Create basic tasks   →   Enter task name   →   trigger （ Select the trigger time or trigger rule ）

→  operation （ Choose start program / Send email / display messages , Because we are running py Script , So choose to start the program ） →   Start the program （ choice python The script exe） →   complete .

The two scheduling methods have been summarized , Thank you for reading ！