Learning diary - (routing and switching technology) dynamic routing (RIP protocol) and static routing

One 、 Related knowledge

1、 Dynamic routing

1. Dynamic routing is the communication between routers in the network , Passing routing information , The process of using the received routing information to calculate the route and update the routing table .
2. Adapt to the changes of network structure in real time
3. Suitable for large-scale networks 、 Complex network topology
4. There are multiple network protocols , Common are RIP、OSPF、EIGRP etc.
5. flexible , But it costs a lot
6. Automatically exchange routing information , No administrator configuration required

2、RIP Routing protocol

1. RIP Is a distance vector routing protocol , Internal gateway protocol , Applied in autonomous systems .
2. RIP Use hops as the only measure of path selection .
3. The number of hops cannot exceed 15.
4. Every time 30s Broadcast a message working process .

Two 、 Related examples

1、 topology

The... Of the host is omitted here IP Address configuration diagram , Readers configure themselves according to their own needs , Like me Gateways are all set 192.168.1/2/3.254

2、 Related codes ：

In the routing table R representative RIP S It's static

Route 1:

Router>en

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#host

Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#int g

R1(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/0

R1(config-if)#ip add

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no sh

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#e

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/1

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#e

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/2

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.13.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#e

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up

R1(config)#route rip  This section is about configuration RIP agreement , Be careful ：RIP The configured network segment is the direct connection network segment with the router .

R1(config-router)#net

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.13.0

R1(config-router)#ver

R1(config-router)#version 2（ Version number ）

R1(config-router)#end

R1#

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

R1#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.1.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.2, 00:00:09, GigabitEthernet0/1 （R It stands for RIP agreement ）

R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.13.2, 00:00:13, GigabitEthernet0/2    （[120/1],120 Represents management distance ,1 Representative expenses ）

192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

L 192.168.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

192.168.13.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

L 192.168.13.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

R 192.168.23.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.2, 00:00:09, GigabitEthernet0/1

[120/1] via 192.168.13.2, 00:00:13, GigabitEthernet0/2

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Route 2:

Router>en

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#host

Router(config)#hostname R2

R2(config)#int g

R2(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/0

R2(config-if)#ip add

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shu

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#e

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/1

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#e

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/2

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.1 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#e

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up

R2(config)#route rip  This section is about configuration RIP agreement , Be careful ：RIP The configured network segment is the direct connection network segment with the router .

R2(config-router)#net

R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0

R2(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0

R2(config-router)#network 192.168.23.0

R2(config-router)#ver

R2(config-router)#version 2

---

Route 3:

Router>en

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#host

Router(config)#hostname R3

R3(config)#int g

R3(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/0

R3(config-if)#ip add

R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no sh

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R3(config-if)#e

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/1

R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.13.2 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

R3(config-if)#

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/2

R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up

R3(config-if)#e

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#route rip  This section is about configuration RIP agreement , Be careful ：RIP The configured network segment is the direct connection network segment with the router .

R3(config-router)#net

R3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0

R3(config-router)#network 192.168.13.0

R3(config-router)#network 192.168.23.0

R3(config-router)#ver

R3(config-router)#version 2

R3(config-router)#

R3(config-router)#end

R3#

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

R3#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.13.1, 00:00:05, GigabitEthernet0/1

R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.23.1, 00:00:11, GigabitEthernet0/2

192.168.3.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.3.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

R 192.168.12.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.23.1, 00:00:11, GigabitEthernet0/2

[120/1] via 192.168.13.1, 00:00:05, GigabitEthernet0/1

192.168.13.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

L 192.168.13.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

192.168.23.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

--More--

result ：

PC1 ping PC2 

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RIP Contrast with static

Route 1:

en

R1#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.2

R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.2

R1(config)#ip route 192.168.23.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.2

R1(config)#do show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.1.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2

S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.13.2

192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

L 192.168.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

192.168.13.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

L 192.168.13.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

S 192.168.23.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2

---

Route 2:

R2>en

R2#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1

R2(config)#ip route 192.168.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1

R2(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.23.2

R2(config)#do show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.1

192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.2.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.23.2

192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

L 192.168.12.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

S 192.168.13.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.1

192.168.23.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

L 192.168.23.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

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Route 3:

R3>en

R3#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.1

R3(config)#ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.1

R3(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.23.1

R3(config)#do show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.13.1

S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.23.1

192.168.3.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.3.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

S 192.168.12.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.13.1

192.168.13.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

L 192.168.13.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

192.168.23.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

L 192.168.23.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2

summary ： When the network is equipped with RIP Routing protocol and static routing , The network will enable static routing , Why? ？

Because of the priority , The management distance ratio of static routing RIP（120） Small , So I will use static routing .

In the routing table R representative RIP S It's static

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This article will be finished here , come on. ！！