Domestic payment system and payment background construction

introduction

When you use the card of China Merchants Bank to withdraw money from the ATM of China Merchants Bank

When you use the card of China Merchants Bank to withdraw money from the ICBC ATM

When you use CMB app When inter-bank transfer

When you use Alipay to transfer money

When you buy vegetables, you scan the code through wechat

When you buy vegetables , The peddler gives you a yard , When it is said that Alipay and wechat can scan code for payment

When you want to develop app When it comes to making money , How to open ( docking ) payment

You have to spend

Bank payment system

The payment and clearing system of the people's Bank of China （China National Automatic Payment System） It is an important core business system to provide final capital clearing for the payment business between financial institutions and between financial institutions and the people's Bank of China , The overall structure is shown in the figure below ：

Large amount real-time payment system - HVPS

（High Value Payment System）, The payment business is processed in a transaction by transaction real-time manner , There is no limit on the payment limit , The access party is the bank . The system only accepts business on legal working days . The large sum system focuses on the timeliness of capital transfer , Mainly used in the capital market 、 Money market transactions and settlement of large trade funds .

Small volume payment system - BEPS

（Bulk Electronic Payment System） BEPS On 2005 Annual commissioning , Processing payment business by batch sending , After collecting several transactions, package them for unified processing , Regular liquidation . The single payment limit is 5 ten thousand , The access party is the bank . The system 7*24 Hours of business acceptance , Support 2 Within hours . Micro system requires high data throughput , It is mainly used for small trade payments and personal consumption services .

Online payment interbank clearing system - “ Internet Banking ”

Super online banking in 2010 Annual commissioning , The payment business is processed in a transaction by transaction real-time manner , The single payment limit is 5 ten thousand , The access parties are banks and Payment institutions , So Alipay 、 TenPay and other third-party payment institutions use this method to access the national payment system . The system 7*24 Hours of business acceptance , Support 2 Within hours .

Bank related channels

In addition to the above subsystems , Banks also have some payment channels ：

• Bank counter ： This channel is directly connected to the above-mentioned large enterprises 、 Micropayment systems .
• Mobile online banking ： The channel is connected with a large number of channels 、 Micropayment systems + Internet Banking .
• ATM： The information flow of this channel is handled by UnionPay , UnionPay CUPS Provide transfer and clearing of instructions for inter-bank transactions ; The fund flow is completed by UnionPay through the large amount payment system .
• POS： Follow ATM similar , UnionPay handles the information flow .

UnionPay

2002 Founded in , It mainly provides inter-bank payment and settlement services . Its online inter-bank transaction clearing system , It was unique and monopolistic in Chinese Mainland .2015 in , Become the largest bank card clearing organization in the world .

The process of inter-bank withdrawal ( ICBC users are in CCB atm Machine withdrawal )：

1. You are in CCB ATM On the input 100 Yuan press the withdrawal button （ information flow ）
2. CCB sends the message information to UnionPay （ information flow ）
3. UnionPay transaction system records transaction data , Send the message to your issuer （ ICBC ）（ information flow ）
4. ICBC deducts fees from your card in real time , Complete real-time settlement , And reply to UnionPay （ Capital flow ）
5. UnionPay updates transaction data , Reply to CCB ATM（ information flow ）
6. UnionPay completes clearing in its clearing system （ information flow ）
7. UnionPay through the large amount payment system , Complete the capital transfer of the clearing account between ICBC and CCB （ Inter bank clearing ）（ Capital flow ）

Third party payment

Typical representative : Alipay , TenPay ( Wechat payment ). It is necessary to apply to the central bank for a third party ( The Internet ) Payment licence .

Take you through Alipay Transfer from China Merchants Bank account to 100, Take my ICBC account for example

1. You initiate transfer through Alipay
2. Alipay will send the transfer information to netunion
3. Netunion will transfer information to China Merchants Bank
4. CMB found that the money in the user account was enough , Deduct from your CMB account 100, And then return it to netlink
5. The network link sends the message to ICBC
6. ICBC received a message to add... To my ICBC account 100, And then return it to China netlink
7. Netlink informed Alipay that the transfer was successful , Alipay will tell you
8. China Unicom completes the clearing between China Merchants Bank and ICBC through the large amount payment system .

Internet connection

Network payment and clearing platform for non bank payment institutions , UnionPay's brother ,2017 year 3 The trial operation began in September . 2017 year 8 month , The Department of payment and settlement of the people's Bank of China requires all banks and Payment institutions to pay in 2017 year 10 month 15 Recently, we completed the preparations related to the access networking platform and service migration ; since 2018 year 6 month 30 The date of , All online payment businesses involving bank accounts accepted by payment institutions are processed through the online platform .

Before the Internet connection

• The third-party payment platform needs a bank to bank connection
• The third-party platform needs to have a reserve account in each bank

Why do I need internet connection

regulatory , No Internet connection , The flow of funds cannot be regulated . Before the Internet connection , Your China Merchants Bank transferred money to ICBC 100 The block may be like this .

1. You are going to transfer money to me through Alipay
2. Alipay received the request , Put the... In your CMB card 100 block , Transfer to CMB account of Alipay
3. Alipay will 100 block , Transfer to ICBC 100 block .

At that time, it was completely peer transfer , Intra bank settlement shall be completed by the bank itself . Only Alipay knows that you want to transfer money to me , Then the devil doesn't know how the money flows again .

Merchant

Sign a contract with a third-party payment platform , Become a merchant of a third-party platform .

Money paid by consumers to merchants , First, go to the account of the third-party payment platform . When signing a contract with a third-party payment platform , According to different industry attributes , There are different rates and Settlement method ( commonly t+1)

The fourth line pays

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Aggregate code

For example, UnionPay aggregate code, etc , It can also broadcast with voice .

Fourth party access

ping ++ Relatively reliable normal point , Don't run , No doubt . But don't pick someone up ( A business license is required ).

The fourth party payment problem

Second Qing Dynasty

run

Other questions

quota , monitor

You have to make money

You want to make money , You can't open didi , I won't have a barbecue . But you can write code , You can go online , do app, cut ( Cut ) leek . Whatever you do , Online payment is an indispensable step .

You want to connect with wechat / Alipay pay

WeChat merchant platform Alipay merchant platform

Whether it's wechat or Alipay , To be their merchant , The following conditions are required .

The business license , So you have to register for individual businesses perhaps Register a company ( A little bit of trouble ).

You have a website , You need a domain name ( Easy to handle , It's not expensive ). Tencent cloud Alibaba cloud

Your domain name also needs icp Keep on record ( I'm afraid you'll do something bad , Just wait )

The core competence of the payment system

Place an order

you Will be Make money , Because of me Get ready Paid .

There are many modes of payment , Apply to different scenarios . For example, wechat has app,native,jsapi,h5 And so on , Alipay pays in person , Brush your face ,app payment , Website payment, etc . Here we use jsapi Payment as an example .

What is called? jsapi payment ？jsapi Payment is to open the payment mode of your website through the built-in browser of wechat client .

What are the benefits ？ You can take advantage of wechat's social communication ability .

Order process ( The first half )：

1. Users open your... In wechat h5 Website , Click on " Buy now "
2. Yours h5 The front-end sent http request , Give your own back office system
3. Your backend system does some logic , For example, create an order , Then call the unified order of wechat payment
4. What did wechat do , You don't have to worry , Anyway, wechat will give you a prepay_id( payment token)
5. Your backstage gets prepay_id after ,( Signature ), Then give it to the front .
6. The front end got what you gave prepay_id after ,( Signature ), Call wechat payment js Code , Pull up the payment float , Then wait for the user to enter the password

deliver goods

I already Paid , I want to see that I have paid for the successful order , You should give me ( Ready to give me ) Goods , There are other things for me besides commodities ？？

Delivery process ( The second part of )：

1. Wechat background callback your background http(s) Address . token url ？ It was set when you placed the order
2. After your background receives wechat callback , Do your logic . Such as : Update order , Inventory deduction , Logistics delivery , Preferential cancellation , Rights and interests distribution, etc .
3. Let wechat know your processing results after processing .
4. If you succeed , Everything will be fine , If you fail, wechat will continue to call you back .

Order

Other capabilities related to the payment system

Other abilities do not mean that he is unimportant , It's just not like the most core competence , Basically indispensable . The following abilities , For a normal payment system , Generally, it also exists .

Marketing tools

Users buy things , Always hope to bargain , Try to be lower than the original price . So you have to cater to this mentality , Because the preferential channel can really bring you sales .

Common marketing tools ：

• Coupon
• Assemble
• bargaining

Although preferential channels can bring sales , However, preferential policies are also easy to cause financial losses . Don't you see the pinduoduo coupon event , Lose tens of millions .

valuation

What is the pricing ？ Pricing is to tell you , You want to buy this product , How much is it . Pricing must first have the original price , On the basis of the original price, various channel discounts are offered , And a combination of various benefits . Inaccurate pricing will directly lead to capital loss

With pricing to converge the discount of marketing tools, the order placing process is as follows ：

1. Users click to place an order , Bring your merchandise id To the payment gateway
2. The payment gateway asks for pricing , How much should this product cost
3. Ask the original price of the goods before pricing , Then go to see what discount channels are available , Are combined , Then give the final price
4. After that, go to the order system to create an order ( Lock stock )
5. Go to the payment channel to place an order

It is possible that we have more than one payment channel , At this time, it is at the level of payment channels , There will be one more channel gateway , There is a channel gateway to connect with all payment channels .

Other

Refund arbitration

Not satisfied with the purchase , Naturally, I want a refund , A refund is where the money comes from and goes back . For example, connect with wechat payment , After calling wechat for unified refund , The money is refunded to the user account . How much back ？ I don't agree with the refund ？ Platform intervention is required , Go through the arbitration process .

Settlement

Generally, the platform will face settlement problems . Settlement means that some merchants settle on your platform , They sold the goods , Finally you have to settle the money with them .

Event rewards

At first , Or the bottleneck period , Generally, I would like to engage in activity operation . The purpose of the event ： La Xin , Pull up , Pull water . Means of activity , Six word summary —— Do the task , Reward

Risk control

A layer of guarantee for capital security .

Reconciliation

Some issues concerning payment

Consistency of delivery

The order status , Inventory write off , Preferential cancellation , Consistency of equity distribution and other status .

The security of funds

Safety of deposit

• Commodity price mismatch (0.2 Yuan Tencent video member )
• Preferential allocation error ( A lot of spelling 100 Yuan threshold free coupon )
• Incorrect pricing

It's safe to give money

• More retreat
• Multi settlement
• Reward for brushing wool , Pay more money, etc

Payment success rate

Payment is an impulsive act , If you fail to pay twice, you won't buy it .