把 Oracle 数据库从 Windows 系统迁移到 Linux Oracle Rac 集群环境（4）—— 修改 oracle11g rac 集群的 scanIP

在生产环境中迁移数据时，需要先创建目标数据库集群，数据迁移成功后还需要使用原来的 IP 地址访问 oracle 数据库，这样原来的客户端不需要做任何改变。此时，需要改变目标数据库集群的 scanIP 为源数据库的 IP 地址。

当客户端应用程序使用 scanIP 访问数据库时，scan listener 会将连接转发到 local listener 上。 节点 rac1 的本地监听内容如下：

LISTENER_RAC1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1-vip)(PORT=1521))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.101)(PORT=1521)
(IP=FIRST))))		# line added by Agent

一、查看scan ip的状态信息

[[email protected] ~]$ srvctl config scan
SCAN name: rac-scan, Network: 1/192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0/ens34
SCAN VIP name: scan1, IP: /rac-scan/192.168.1.201

二、停止 scan_listener 和 scan

# 停止 scan_listener 和 scan 
srvctl stop scan_listener
srvctl stop scan
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
[[email protected] ~]$ srvctl stop scan_listener
[[email protected] ~]$ srvctl stop scan

# 查看 scan_listener 和 scan 的状态
[[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status scan_listener
SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is enabled
SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is not running

[[email protected] ~]$ srvctl status scan
SCAN VIP scan1 is enabled
SCAN VIP scan1 is not running

[[email protected] ~]$ crs_stat -t | grep  scan
ora.scan1.vip  ora....ip.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE               

[[email protected] ~]$ crs_stat -t | grep  lsnr
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora....C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora....C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2     

三、修改 /etc/hosts 文件中的 scanIP（所有节点）

# 切换到 root 用户，节点1 和 节点2 同时修改 scan IP
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

#Public Network (bond1)——公用IP

192.168.1.101 rac1
192.168.1.102 rac2

#Private Interconnect (bond2)——私有IP

10.1.1.101 rac1-priv
10.1.1.102 rac2-priv

#Virtual IP——虚拟 IP，与 bond1 必须在同一网段
192.168.1.111 rac1-vip
192.168.1.112 rac2-vip

#scan IP
192.168.1.221 my-racscan  # 原来是：192.168.1.201

四、修改 DNS 服务的配置信息

[[email protected] ~]# vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/1.168.192.local 

$TTL 86400
@       IN SOA  dns.oracle.com.     root.oracle.com. (
                                        19997022700 ; serial
                                        28800       ; refresh
                                        14400       ; retry
                                        3600000     ; expire
                                        86400 )     ; minimum
@          IN        NS      dns.oracle.com.
101        IN        PTR     dns.oracle.com.
101        IN        PTR     rac1.oracle.com.
102        IN        PTR     rac2.oracle.com.
221        IN        PTR     scan.oracle.com.   # 原来是：201

[[email protected] ~]# vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/oracle.com.zone 

$TTL 86400
@       IN SOA  dns.oracle.com.     root.oracle.com. (
                                        42      ; serial
                                        3H      ; refresh
                                        15M     ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        1D )    ; minimum
@          IN        NS      dns.oracle.com.
dns        IN        A       192.168.1.101
rac1       IN        A       192.168.1.101
rac2       IN        A       192.168.1.102
scan       IN        A       192.168.1.221   # 原来是：192.168.1.201

# 重启 named 服务
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart named

# 测试
[[email protected] ~]# nslookup 192.168.1.221
Server:		192.168.1.101
Address:	192.168.1.101#53

221.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa	name = scan.oracle.com.

[[email protected] ~]# nslookup scan.oracle.com
Server:		192.168.1.101
Address:	192.168.1.101#53

Name:	scan.oracle.com
Address: 192.168.1.221

五、修改 SCAN 名称

# 切换到 root 用户
[[email protected] ~]# cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin
[[email protected] bin]# pwd
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin

[[email protected] bin]# ./srvctl modify scan -n my-racscan

# 查看scan ip 的状态信息
[[email protected] bin]# ./srvctl config scan
SCAN 名称: my-racscan, 网络: 1/192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0/ens34
SCAN VIP 名称: scan1, IP: /my-racscan/192.168.1.221

六、启动 scan 和 scan_listener

# 启动 scan 和 scan_listener
[[email protected] admin]$ srvctl start scan
[[email protected] admin]$ srvctl start scan_listener

# 查看 scan 和 scan_listener 的状态：
[[email protected] admin]$ srvctl status scan_listener
SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is enabled
SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is running on node rac1
[[email protected] admin]$ srvctl status scan
SCAN VIP scan1 is enabled
SCAN VIP scan1 is running on node rac1

[[email protected] admin]$ crs_stat -t | grep  scan
ora.scan1.vip  ora....ip.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
[[email protected] admin]$ crs_stat -t | grep  lsnr
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora....C1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1        
ora....C2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2        

七、测试：使用新的 scanIP 访问数据库

1、测试新的 scanIP 是否能够使用

[[email protected] ~]$ ping 192.168.1.221
PING 192.168.1.221 (192.168.1.221) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.221: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.84 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.221: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.267 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.221: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=14.3 ms
^C
--- 192.168.1.221 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.267/5.827/14.374/6.134 ms

2、使用新的 scanIP 访问数据库

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@192.168.1.221/hisdb as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Jun 19 10:24:11 2022

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect
descriptor

-- 出现错误，错误码：ORA-12514

八、解决 ORA-12514 错误

1、在节点 rac1 执行如下操作

-- 查看参数：remote_listener
SQL> show parameter remote_listener

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_listener 		     string

-- 修改参数 remote_listener 的值为空
SQL> alter system set remote_listener='';
System altered.

-- 注册
SQL> alter system register;
System altered.

-- 修改参数 remote_listener 的值
SQL> alter system set remote_listener='my-racscan:1521';
System altered.

-- 查看参数：remote_listener
SQL> show parameter remote_listener

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_listener 		     string	 my-racscan:1521

2、测试：使用新的 scanIP 访问数据库

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus sys/[email protected]/hisdb as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Jun 22 13:57:47 2022

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

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