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比特,比特,字節,字的概念與區別
2022-07-23 10:58:00 【wzg2016】
1、比特(bit)
來自英文bit,音譯為“比特”,錶示二進制比特。比特是計算機內部數據儲存的最小單比特,11010100是一個8比特二進制數。一個二進制比特只可以錶示0和1兩種狀態(21);兩個二進制比特可以錶示00、01、10、11四種(22)狀態;三比特二進制數可錶示八種狀態(23)……。
2、字節(byte)
字節來自英文Byte,音譯為“拜特”,習慣上用大寫的“B”錶示。
字節是計算機中數據處理的基本單比特。計算機中以字節為單比特存儲和解釋信息,規定一個字節由八個二進制比特構成,即1個字節等於8個比特(1Byte=8bit)。八比特二進制數最小為00000000,最大為11111111;通常1個字節可以存入一個ASCII碼,2個字節可以存放一個漢字國標碼。
3、字
計算機進行數據處理時,一次存取、加工和傳送的數據長度稱為字(word)。一個字通常由一個或多個(一般是字節的整數比特)字節構成。例如286微機的字由2個字節組成,它的字長為16;486微機的字由4個字節組成,它的字長為32比特機。
計算機的字長决定了其CPU一次操作處理實際比特數的多少,由此可見計算機的字長越大,其性能越優越。
1比特(bit) = 1比特二進制
1字節(Byte)= 8比特(bit)=8比特二進制
字(word): 一次存取、加工和傳送的數據長度稱為字(word),由多個字節組成。
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