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通俗讲跨域
2022-06-25 15:32:00 【竹林小虾】
前端开发前后端分离的项目，一定会经常遇到跨域（Cross-Origin）的问题，为什么会有跨域？如何解决跨域呢？以及最常见的方法有哪些呢？
what
跨域的全称是跨域资源共享
场景：当你请求的接口地址和现在前端文件服务所在的域（请求的协议，ip和端口）不同的时候，就会报错，如下图
why
跨域问题的产生其实是浏览器的同源策略造成的，同源策略是浏览器的保护机制，只允许网页请求同一域名下的服务。
同源策略的要求是3同：协议，域名和端口都要保持一致
how
【配置后端】CORS
浏览器是否启用跨域保护机制根据后端配置来响应的，所以服务器端需要做一个允许跨域的配置即可
如何配置：
修改接口的响应头：Access-Control-Allow-Origin，值为*，，浏览器判断通过就会允许跨域
【配置中间服务器】反向代理
意思是用一个代理服务器来代理真正的服务端发送请求
【配置中间服务器】正向代理
意思是用一个代理服务器来代理客户端发送请求，一般用浏览器做代理服务器，这个直接在webpack里面配置
JSONP【不推荐】
其实是通过script标签的特性（无跨域限制）来实现跨域的，也需要服务器端配合，且只能用get方法, 有安全隐患，不推荐
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