Preface
Lying flat for a long time , I'm too lazy to move . This article is all about personal understanding , If there are any omissions , Please correct me. .
Wedge
Jin Yong's Wuxia Tianlong eight books , The supreme treasure of Shaolin Temple , The muscle changing Sutra, the internal skill secret collection that Wulin people dream of, was stolen by ah Zhu , But Shaolin Temple didn't send experts to look for , Why? ？
This is the supreme internal skill secret collection of Shaolin Temple , Ordinary Jianghu people simply can't understand . Unless a master with deep internal skills .
Let's see .Net It's an internal skill secret that you can't understand R2R principle .
Concept ：
R2R In essence, compilation is to store the results of method operation in the binary dynamic link library , When calling this method , Get the result of the method directly from the dynamic link library . Without going through RyuJit Tedious compilation , Improve the performance of the program . It's a kind of AOT Pre compiled form of .
compile dotnet publish -c Release -r win-x64 -p:PublishReadyToRun=true
The whole process ：
When CLI The command is marked PublishReadyToRun,Rosyln Recompiled dynamic links will generate Native Header, It saves the running results of the methods of the current module . Thereafter CLR When loading it ,CLR Will find in the dynamic link library Native Header Whether there is , If there is , When the caller , Get the result of this method directly .
Because the process is too complex, here is only an outline ：
CLI(PublishReadyToRun：true)->Rosyln（Native Header） -> CLR (Get NH)
Precompiled storage structure
typedef struct _IMAGE_RUNTIME_FUNCTION_ENTRY {
DWORD BeginAddress;
DWORD EndAddress;
union {
DWORD UnwindInfoAddress;
DWORD UnwindData;
} DUMMYUNIONNAME;
} _IMAGE_RUNTIME_FUNCTION_ENTRY, *_PIMAGE_RUNTIME_FUNCTION_ENTRY;
The way it's made up ：
A memory space will be allocated in the dynamic link library , be called Nativie Header. It stores the following contents ：
1. Compiler identifier （CompilerIdentifier）
2. Import method segment （ImportSections）
3. Run time method （RuntimeFunctions）
4. Method entry point （MethodDefEntryPoints）
5. Abnormal information （ExceptionInfo）
6. Debugging information （DebugInfo）
7. Delaying method load calls is fast （DelayLoadMethodCallThunks）
Wait, a total of 18 Item information , Because these things are too complex, only the first few of them are listed here . Constitute the Native Header.
load R2R
CLR When loading a module , It initializes R2R, If it is judged that this module has Native Header, Then put the inside 18 Item information is added to memory . The code is as follows ( Too complicated , Omit most ）
PTR_ReadyToRunInfo ReadyToRunInfo::Initialize(Module * pModule, AllocMemTracker *pamTracker)
{
// A million lines of code are omitted here
return new (pMemory) ReadyToRunInfo(pModule, pModule->GetLoaderAllocator(), pLayout, pHeader, nativeImage, pamTracker);
}
ReadyToRunInfo::ReadyToRunInfo(Module * pModule, LoaderAllocator* pLoaderAllocator, PEImageLayout * pLayout, READYTORUN_HEADER * pHeader, NativeImage *pNativeImage, AllocMemTracker *pamTracker)
: m_pModule(pModule),
m_pHeader(pHeader),
m_pNativeImage(pNativeImage),
m_readyToRunCodeDisabled(FALSE),
m_Crst(CrstReadyToRunEntryPointToMethodDescMap),
m_pPersistentInlineTrackingMap(NULL)
{
// pHeader It's in the dynamic link library native header, It contains Signature,MajorVersion,CoreHeader etc. .
STANDARD_VM_CONTRACT;
if (pNativeImage != NULL)
{
// Omit here
}
else
{
m_pCompositeInfo = this;
m_component = ReadyToRunCoreInfo(pLayout, &pHeader->CoreHeader);
m_pComposite = &m_component;
m_isComponentAssembly = false;
}
// Get runtime R2R Method's memory virtual address and length , Use the obtained index to get R2R Method entry address
IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY * pRuntimeFunctionsDir = m_pComposite->FindSection(ReadyToRunSectionType::RuntimeFunctions);
if (pRuntimeFunctionsDir != NULL)
{
m_pRuntimeFunctions = (T_RUNTIME_FUNCTION *)m_pComposite->GetLayout()->GetDirectoryData(pRuntimeFunctionsDir);
m_nRuntimeFunctions = pRuntimeFunctionsDir->Size / sizeof(T_RUNTIME_FUNCTION);
}
else
{
m_nRuntimeFunctions = 0;
}
Call the process ：
When you are in C# When calling methods in the code ,CLR Check whether the module of the current method contains R2R Information , If it is included, get R2R Information , adopt R2R Information , Get Native Header Inside RuntimeFunctions and MethodDefEntryPoints. Then through these two items, it is calculated that this method is in RuntimeFunctions Index in memory block , Through this index, calculate the method in RuntimeFunctions Offset value of memory block , Get the attribute by the offset value BeginAddress, That is, the result of the method stored in the binary dynamic link library . The process is complicated , Here's some of the code .
PCODE MethodDesc::GetPrecompiledR2RCode(PrepareCodeConfig* pConfig)
{
STANDARD_VM_CONTRACT;
PCODE pCode = NULL;
#ifdef FEATURE_READYTORUN
Module * pModule = GetModule(); // Get the module of the called method
if (pModule->IsReadyToRun()) // Check whether this module contains R2R Information
{
// If you include , Then we get R2R Information , Then get the entry point of the called method
pCode = pModule->GetReadyToRunInfo()->GetEntryPoint(this, pConfig, TRUE /* fFixups */);
}
}
// Get the called method entry point
PCODE ReadyToRunInfo::GetEntryPoint(MethodDesc * pMD, PrepareCodeConfig* pConfig, BOOL fFixups)
{
mdToken token = pMD->GetMemberDef();
int rid = RidFromToken(token);// Get the of the called method MethodDef Indexes
if (rid == 0)
goto done;
uint offset;
if (pMD->HasClassOrMethodInstantiation())
{
// Ten thousand words are omitted here
}
else
{
// This m_methodDefEntryPoints Namely Native Header The method entry point item inside . Get the runtime method of the called method through the function entry point item （RuntimeFunctions） The index of
if (!m_methodDefEntryPoints.TryGetAt(rid - 1, &offset))
goto done;
}
uint id;
offset = m_nativeReader.DecodeUnsigned(offset, &id);
if (id & 1)
{
if (id & 2)
{
uint val;
m_nativeReader.DecodeUnsigned(offset, &val);
offset -= val;
}
if (fFixups)
{
BOOL mayUsePrecompiledNDirectMethods = TRUE;
mayUsePrecompiledNDirectMethods = !pConfig->IsForMulticoreJit();
if (!m_pModule->FixupDelayList(dac_cast<TADDR>(GetImage()->GetBase()) + offset, mayUsePrecompiledNDirectMethods))
{
pConfig->SetReadyToRunRejectedPrecompiledCode();
goto done;
}
}
id >>= 2;
}
else
{
id >>= 1;
}
_ASSERTE(id < m_nRuntimeFunctions);
// After a series of calculations , Put this real index id As m_pRuntimeFunctions That is to say native header term RuntimeFunctions Index of memory block , Then get the attribute BeginAddress, That is, the entry point of the called method .
pEntryPoint = dac_cast<TADDR>(GetImage()->GetBase()) + m_pRuntimeFunctions[id].BeginAddress;
This is the updated entry point of the called method
m_pCompositeInfo->SetMethodDescForEntryPointInNativeImage(pEntryPoint, pMD);
return pEntryPoint;
}
The above references are as follows ：
1.https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/src/coreclr/gc/gchandletable.cpp
2.https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/src/coreclr/gc/gc.cpp
3.https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/src/coreclr/vm/readytoruninfo.cpp
4.https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/src/coreclr/vm/prestub.cpp
5.https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/src/coreclr/vm/nativeformatreader.h
ending ：
It has always been believed that technology can be freely shared and freely grabbed , If you like, you can reprint and modify at will . WeChat official account ：jianghupt QQ Group :676817308. Welcome to the discussion .
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