Hospital generic cabling

Characteristics of hospital generic cabling

The medical industry is a special user in generic cabling , Therefore, the construction of the hospital started at the beginning 、 Especially in the environment that needs isolation , Enough information points and space must be reserved , So that the capacity can be expanded quickly when the demand changes .

In addition to the characteristics of ordinary commercial buildings, generic cabling in the medical industry , It should also be specially designed according to its characteristics , standard ANSI/TIA-1179：HealthcareFacilityTelecommunicationsCablingStandard（2010 Released in ） Is in the ANSI/TIA568C.0 Refine and develop on the basis of commercial building wiring Standards .

Meeting the requirements of intellectualization is one of the characteristics of modern hospitals , The effective combination of hospital informatization and building intellectualization , Supporting the hospital HIS、PACS、CIS、RIS、 Application of telemedicine and other systems , As shown in the table 1.

Requirements for generic cabling in hospital buildings

Different from ordinary commercial buildings , Hospital buildings provide basic services related to people's life and life safety .

Interruption of communication services （ Such as emergency center ） Will cause very serious consequences ,TIA-1179 There are clear requirements for line redundancy and backup ： stay EF（EntranceFacility） part , In particular, the emergency center needs to have multiple telecommunication access points 、 And the path cannot be the same ; Floor wiring / The equipment room must be at least larger than 12 Square meters , And the backbone link between the main wiring room and the floor equipment in the emergency and intensive care area must have 2 More than paths （ Pictured ）.

Backup and redundancy of backbone links in the figure

According to the characteristics of the application function of the hospital building information system , The following factors should be considered in the design of generic cabling ：

1、 Physical isolation between different networks

The generic cabling of hospital buildings generally involves the intranet 、 Internet and other different networks , Some hospitals even have military networks 、 Classified networks, etc . This requires the generic cabling system at the beginning of design , We need to consider how to isolate relevant Networks 、 How specific is the isolation ：

The backbone data systems of different networks are isolated ,IDF Switches and distribution frames share

The backbone data systems of different networks are isolated ,IDF Switches and distribution frames do not share

Different networks have completely independent backbone data systems and IDF

The first two isolation methods are in infrastructure such as wiring room 、 Cabinets are common parts , The third kind of isolation will be from infrastructure such as wiring room 、 The cabinets were completely separated from the beginning .

2、 Density of information points in each functional area

The information point density of ordinary commercial buildings is generally based on 1 spot /5mm2 Calculation , Hospital buildings need to be designed according to their network characteristics , Such as TIA-1179 Provide detailed recommended data for the number of information points in relevant areas and rooms , for example ：

Operating area ,ICU Etc. with high density （14 More than information points ）

The diagnosis and treatment area adopts medium density （6-14 It's an information point ）

The ward rehabilitation area adopts medium and low density （2-6 It's an information point ）

Due to the particularity of hospital buildings , Once the functional areas are applied , That is, the network is not allowed to be disconnected , Such as operation area ,ICU etc. . Therefore, new businesses and applications should be considered in the design , Minimize the need for upgrades , The number of information points is above the middle point of the recommended range . For example, for low-density areas 、 Should be designed 4-6 It's an information point .

3、 Wiring management in different areas

In hospital buildings , Strict physical isolation may be adopted between different networks , For different functional areas in the same network, the network requirements are also different , Such as ：

For infectious disease isolation areas 、 Operating area and ICU District etc , The stability of the network is required to be higher , To avoid faults caused by human error , It is recommended to use special colors for management , Such as cable 、 Jumpers and distribution frames are all colored .

For areas where the medical equipment itself is prone to electromagnetic interference （ Such as radiation area ）, To ensure the safety of medical equipment and information , Shielding or optical fiber to desktop solutions will be more suitable .

Scheme 1 ： A cabling solution for a class III class a hospital in Rosenberg

Project background

The project includes a new inpatient building 、 Outpatient Building 、 Medical Technology Building 、 Logistics building, etc ,

The total building area is about 23 Thousands of square meters , It is a kind of high-rise building .

Topology

The project is divided into intranet 、 The external network is two independent networks , Complete physical isolation between internal and external networks （ Infrastructure distribution room 、 Cabinet sharing ）, The backbone link design is shown in the figure .

The generic cabling system of the whole project is controlled by the central machine room MDF And distribution line IDF（ In each floor ） form , Each building is equipped with a convergence wiring room , The corresponding floor wiring room is used as the access floor wiring room , Set one every two to three floors IDF Manage the information points of this floor .

The project is about 12000 It's an information point , Among them, the data points are about 8500 individual , Voice point about 3000 individual , wireless AP Point about 200 A little bit , The optical fiber point is about 300 individual . The following is a Specific design scheme ：

1、 Backbone wiring selection

The project adopts 12 Multi core 10 Gigabit outdoor optical cable connection , From the access layer wiring room to the convergence wiring room 6 Core 10 Gigabit multimode indoor optical cable connection . Three categories are used 50 For large pairs of cables , Connect the telephone junction box of the central machine room to the voice distribution frame of the access distribution room through the convergence distribution room , Responsible for voice transmission of the trunk .

In the vertical trunk , Optical cables and three types of large logarithmic cables all adopt LSZH Sheath , To ensure that in the event of an emergency fire , Provide a safer escape environment .

2、 Working area scheme design

In the radiation room 、 Operating room and ICU Outside the area , In terms of practicality and stability , From the distribution frame in the access room to the work area 、 Whether voice or data information points , All adopt unified six types of unshielded systems , To ensure that voice information points can be converted into data information points in time when data information points fail . Medical equipment is relatively centralized 、 Radiation room with high requirements for electromagnetic interference 、 Operating room and ICU Waiting area , The wiring before it is connected to the distribution frame of the room and the working area , Data is transmitted from optical fiber to desktop 、 Voice adopts six kinds of unshielded solutions .

The hospital is a collection of diagnosis and treatment 、 In the hospital 、 Public places with health care and life functions , There are not only many people gathered, but also most of them lack the corresponding self-help ability , Therefore, in the event of a fire accident , Need more time to escape . It is suggested to use safer low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant sheathed cables in hospital buildings , Rosenberg uses six types of copper cables for horizontal system cables in this project 4 For unshielded low smoke halogen-free flame retardant network cable 、 Optical cable use 4 core （2 Core use 、2 Core backup ） Low smoke halogen-free flame retardant 10 trillion OM3 Multimode indoor optical cable . For the radiation room with optical fiber information points 、 Operating room and ICU Waiting area , Its backbone optical cable is separated from the backbone optical cable of other copper information points .

Considering that a certain proportion of redundancy needs to be reserved in the design of generic cabling , Not all data information points will be enabled in the short term , Therefore, the number of user jumpers is based on the number of configuration data information points 50% To configure .

3、 Product selection of wiring rooms at all levels

Distributed in wiring rooms of various weak current machine rooms （MDF、IDF）, It is a bridge connecting all subsystems .

As the access layer wiring room , Each floor IDF Including optical distribution frame 、 Copper distribution frame and corresponding jumper and other generic cabling products . The access layer optical distribution frame has a relatively small number of optical cables （ Backbone cable 6 core ）, Fiber coupler and pigtail （ Fusion structure ） Configure according to the actual number of fiber cores 、 To avoid waste ; To ensure the stability and reliability of networks in important areas such as infectious wards , The jumper color in this area is different from that in other areas , At the same time, the patch panel is also marked with labels consistent with the jumper color , Other areas are only distinguished by the use of panel labels of different colors , So as to achieve the best balance between practicality and economy of the whole project .

The project involves many buildings 、 The floor is higher , At the same time, there are information points from optical fiber to desktop , Therefore, whether it is the convergence wiring room in each building or the central wiring room between buildings , Compared with the floor distribution room, the number of cores of optical fiber is more （300 Above the core ）, Rosenberg used 5U288 High density distribution frame with core distribution +1U48 Solution of core ordinary distribution frame （ Fusion structure ）, Thus, the space of the cabinet is greatly saved to place more server equipment , The fiber coupler and pigtail are configured according to the actual number of fiber cores .

Optical fiber jumpers used to connect various systems in distribution rooms at all levels , Full distribution according to the number of fiber cores ; Because there are many redundant data information points in this project , The copper patch cord part is based on the number of copper data information points 75% To configure （ Voice jumper according to voice point 100% To configure ）.

Option two ： Design of computer network generic cabling system in a hospital

Project background

At present, the hospital has a medical technology building 、 Administration building 、 Outpatient Building 、 Other buildings are 1000 It's an information point .

Adopt the design principle of single core three-layer network , Connect the buildings of the hospital in a star way , The backbone is gigabit network to realize network operation , The convergence switch of each building is connected with the core switch with 100m optical fiber , Realize interconnection within the subnet .

楼 layer 内部均采 use 5 Class twisted pair connects the access switch and the user terminal , The bandwidth can reach 100 megabytes .

With the increasingly frequent business exchanges in hospitals , Information transmission between units 、 The demand for resource sharing and business cooperation is increasing , Make the data transmission volume larger and larger , Cause the system to respond slowly , The transmission speed is slow , The existing generic cabling system can no longer meet the needs of the hospital . Therefore, it is necessary to transform and upgrade the generic cabling system .

The goal is

The hospital wiring should comply with the latest international standards , Fully ensure the high speed of computer network 、 Reliable information transmission requirements .

The generic cabling system of the building after the design and implementation is practical 、 flexibility 、 reliability 、 Scalability and other features .

say concretely , Practicality means that the generic cabling system has a good user interface , Simple and easy to use , And it provides rich network management functions ;

Flexibility means that any part of the generic cabling system is flexible , Not limited by physical location and device type ;

Reliability refers to the use of high-quality materials in generic cabling 、 equipment , Carefully construct and test each component , To ensure the reliability of the system ;

Scalability means that all infrastructures adopt international standards , With the rapid development of Technology , The equipment can be easily connected into the system in the future .

Design

The administrative building of the hospital 、 Outpatient building and other buildings are gradually reconstructed by floors , In the original generic cabling system project , First remove the information socket in the work area , And pull the cable back to the metal trunking , Then separate the cables in the floor distribution room from the distribution frame , Retract the cable from the metal trunking , Then retract the distribution frame from the rack cabinet . For floors that exceed a certain number of information points , Need to add metal trunking , Replace the original cable , Change the previous backbone route from multi-mode fiber to single-mode fiber , Replace category 5 twisted pair to desktop with category 6 twisted pair to desktop , So as to ensure the normal operation of the original network in the transformation process . The medical technology building of the hospital adopts one-time overall upgrading .

Because the medical technology building is still in the new state , Wiring construction does not need to consider the original network application , Therefore, it can be used appropriately 、 Complete structured generic cabling .

The computer room of the network center is set in the 6 layer , Single mode optical cables are selected between buildings , It is used to realize 10 Gigabit trunk line . Six types of twisted pairs are selected between floors , Ensure Gigabit uplink . Use category 6 twisted pair to access , Ensure Gigabit to desktop , Part of the non critical business departments reach the desktop . therefore , The generic cabling system of the hospital can be divided into working area subsystems 、 Horizontal subsystem 、 Trunk subsystem 、 Management room subsystem 、 Equipment room subsystem 、 Building group subsystem, etc 6 A module . The system structure layout is shown in the figure .

Workspace subsystem

standard-passing RJ－45 Socket information outlet , Connect terminal equipment or equipment terminated in each work area , from RJ－45 Socket 、 Jumper, etc .

In this design , Each room information point provides standard RJ－45 Export to desktop , The information points are concealed in the bottom box as expected , There are information sockets and power sockets nearby , And keep a distance between the two sockets 20cm, use RJ－45 The patch cord can be easily connected to the hospital network by inserting it into the computer terminal .

Horizontal subsystem

from PC The terminal is connected to six types of switches in the distribution room of each layer UTP Cable composition , Point to point termination , Cables go from the wiring room to the main metal trunking near the room , Then follow the laid PVC The pipe is directly connected to the bottom box of the information socket .

Trunk subsystem

It is composed of connecting cables between equipment rooms and wiring rooms , The main design function is to connect the layered distribution frame or switch with the main distribution frame or switch . The convergence switch from the central machine room to each building is connected with 10 Gigabit optical fiber , The medical technology building of the central computer room 2～16 The layer uses gigabit optical fiber to connect the convergence switch and the access switch ,1 The x-layer radiology department directly connects the core switch with 10 Gigabit optical fiber .

Management room subsystem

The management room subsystem is arranged in the floor wiring room , By the distribution frame 、 Conversion socket 、 Jumper, etc . The overall planning of the system is to design 6U Wall cabinet , For installing jumper frame , And leave a certain space for network switching 、 Distribution frame and other equipment .

Equipment room subsystem

The subsystem in the equipment room is equivalent to the main distribution frame , Key points include data 、 Voice main distribution frame and all connecting jumpers . The equipment room is in medical technology 6 The network center machine room of the building , Install standard open rack , The data optical fiber main distribution frame is installed on a rack . According to the standard design requirements of the equipment room , The equipment room shall meet the following requirements : Room temperature is controlled at 10～27°C Between , The relative humidity is controlled at 20%～80%; There should be a reliable standby power supply 、 And uninterruptible power supply ; Install a suitable fire protection system , Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing method ; Avoid storing objects in dangerous places .

Building complex subsystem

The building group subsystem consists of cables connecting each building 、 It is composed of wiring equipment and jumpers . In the generic cabling of the hospital , The network backbone adopts 10 Gigabit 12 Core single-mode optical fiber line , Used to transmit data . The medical technology building is 16 layer , From weak current wells on each floor , Deployment 12 Core Gigabit multimode fiber to 6 Network center machine room on the floor , When other buildings are connected , Deploy Gigabit or 10 Gigabit from the convergence switch of the building 12 Core single-mode optical fiber to the network center machine room of the medical technology building , Direct access to the core switch . The laying of optical fiber trunk lines between buildings can make use of the existing weak current pipelines between buildings , The best solution is to follow the corridor connection between buildings , So as to avoid the risk of lightning strike and the erosion of outdoor optical cable trunk by outdoor harsh environment .

Topology

Transform and upgrade the existing generic cabling system in the hospital , It can better meet the needs of hospital business development , Make information transmission between units 、 Resource sharing and business cooperation are more reliable 、 And efficient . therefore , According to the actual situation of the hospital , Design a set of computer network generic cabling system . The application of this system will greatly improve the management level and service level of the hospital .