BGP实验（路由反射器，联邦，路由优化）

目录

1.IP地址的规划

2.拓扑结构的搭建

3.IP地址的配置

4.静态路由的配置

5.动态路由的配置

6.EBGP的配置

7.IBGP的配置

8.路由反射器的配置，宣告

9.重发布和路由优化

10.测试

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实验要求：

 实验步骤：

1.IP地址的规划

R1到R2为12.1.1.0/24网段

R7到R8为78.1.1.0/24网段

每个路由器都有两个环回，一个用于建邻，一个用于通讯

R1的建邻环回的IP地址为1.1.1.1/32，通讯为11.1.1.1/24

R8的建邻环回的IP地址为8.8.8.8/32，通讯为88.1.1.1/24

整个AS2区域的网段地址为172.16.0.0/16网段

将172.16.0.0/16划分为

建邻环回为172.16.0.1/32 172.16.0.2/32 172.16.0.3/32 172.16.0.4/32 172.16.0.5/32 172.16.0.6/32

通讯环回为172.16.1.1/24 172.16.2.1/24 172.16.3.1/24 172.16.4.1/24 172.16.5.1/24 172.16.6.1/24

骨干链路的网段为172.16.3.0/30 172.16.3.4/30 172.16.3.8/30 172.16.3.12/30 172.16.3.16/30 172.16.3.20/30

2.拓扑结构的搭建

3.IP地址的配置

以R1和R8为例

R1：

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r1]interface LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1 
[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 11.1.1.1 24

R8：

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0            
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 78.1.1.2 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q                                                                                                                    
[r1]interface LoopBack0                       
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 8.8.8.8 32                                                
[r1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack1                       
[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 88.1.1.1 24

4.静态路由的配置

R1和R2之间

[r1]ip route-static 172.16.0.1 32 12.1.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 12.1.1.1

R7和R8之间

[r7]ip route-static 8.8.8.8 32 78.1.1.2
[r8]ip route-static 172.16.0.6 32 78.1.1.1

5.动态路由的配置

AS2中起OSPF，以R2为例

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 
[r2-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.0 
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

6.EBGP的配置

R1和R2之间

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 as-number 2
[r1-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r1-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r2]bgp 666
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 1
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

R7和R8之间

[r7]bgp 857
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 3
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r8-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 2
[r8-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r8-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 ebgp-max-hop 2

AS2内联邦的配置

联邦：将一个真实的大AS，逻辑的分为多个小AS；小AS的编号建议为私有编号；小AS间构建联邦内的EBGP邻居关系，可以向真实EBGP关系一样传递路由条目，但不修改属性； 对于该大AS外的其他AS，是不知道内部的小AS情况；

R2和R5之间

[r2]bgp 666
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 857
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 867
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r5]bgp 857
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 666
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 as-number 666
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

R4和R7之间

[r4]bgp 666
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 857
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 857
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r7]bgp 857
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 666
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 666
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 ebgp-max-hop 2

7.IBGP的配置

R2、R3、R4之间

[r2]bgp 666
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 666
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r3]bgp 666
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 as-number 666
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.1 next-hop-local
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 666
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local

[r4]bgp 666
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 666
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 next-hop-local

R5、R6、R7之间

[r5]bgp 857
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 857
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 next-hop-local

[r6]bgp 857
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 857
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 next-hop-local
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 857
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local

[r7]bgp 857
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 857
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 next-hop-local

8.路由反射器的配置，宣告

将R3设为反射器，R4为客户端

[r2-bgp]peer 172.12.0.3 reflect-client

将R6设为反射器，R7为客户端

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 reflect-client

将R1和R8上的环回1进行宣告

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 11.1.1.0 24

[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 88.1.1.0 24

9.重发布和路由优化

在R2和R7上进行重发布

[r2-bgp]import-route ospf 1

[r7-bgp]import-route ospf 1

R1和R8的路由表

进行路由汇总后

[r2-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 16 detail-suppressed

[r7-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 16 detail-suppressed

R1和R8的路由表

 

10.测试

R1的环回pingR8的环回