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152-Solana入门（十六）- 创建MetaplexNFT
2022-06-21 06:26:00 【Lich Howger】
之前说过
solana中是没有像ERC721这样的nft标准的
现在大家都用Metaplex的nft标准
所以我们来试试看创建MetaplexNFT
我们先来看一下网络上的一个示例
import * as anchor from '@project-serum/anchor'
import { Program, Wallet } from '@project-serum/anchor'
import { MetaplexAnchorNft } from '../target/types/metaplex_anchor_nft'
import { TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction, getAssociatedTokenAddress, createInitializeMintInstruction, MINT_SIZE } from '@solana/spl-token' // IGNORE THESE ERRORS IF ANY
const { SystemProgram } = anchor.web3
describe('metaplex-anchor-nft', () => {
// Configure the client to use the local cluster.
const provider = anchor.AnchorProvider.env();
const wallet = provider.wallet as Wallet;
anchor.setProvider(provider);
const program = anchor.workspace.MetaplexAnchorNft as Program<MetaplexAnchorNft>
it("Is initialized!", async () => {
// Add your test here.
const TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID = new anchor.web3.PublicKey(
"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"
);
const lamports: number =
await program.provider.connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
MINT_SIZE
);
const getMetadata = async (
mint: anchor.web3.PublicKey
): Promise<anchor.web3.PublicKey> => {
return (
await anchor.web3.PublicKey.findProgramAddress(
[
Buffer.from("metadata"),
TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID.toBuffer(),
mint.toBuffer(),
],
TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID
)
)[0];
};
const getMasterEdition = async (
mint: anchor.web3.PublicKey
): Promise<anchor.web3.PublicKey> => {
return (
await anchor.web3.PublicKey.findProgramAddress(
[
Buffer.from("metadata"),
TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID.toBuffer(),
mint.toBuffer(),
Buffer.from("edition"),
],
TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID
)
)[0];
};
const mintKey: anchor.web3.Keypair = anchor.web3.Keypair.generate();
const NftTokenAccount = await getAssociatedTokenAddress(
mintKey.publicKey,
wallet.publicKey
);
console.log("NFT Account: ", NftTokenAccount.toBase58());
const mint_tx = new anchor.web3.Transaction().add(
anchor.web3.SystemProgram.createAccount({
fromPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
newAccountPubkey: mintKey.publicKey,
space: MINT_SIZE,
programId: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
lamports,
}),
createInitializeMintInstruction(
mintKey.publicKey,
0,
wallet.publicKey,
wallet.publicKey
),
createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction(
wallet.publicKey,
NftTokenAccount,
wallet.publicKey,
mintKey.publicKey
)
);
const res = await program.provider.sendAndConfirm(mint_tx, [mintKey]);
console.log(
await program.provider.connection.getParsedAccountInfo(mintKey.publicKey)
);
console.log("Account: ", res);
console.log("Mint key: ", mintKey.publicKey.toString());
console.log("User: ", wallet.publicKey.toString());
const metadataAddress = await getMetadata(mintKey.publicKey);
const masterEdition = await getMasterEdition(mintKey.publicKey);
console.log("Metadata address: ", metadataAddress.toBase58());
console.log("MasterEdition: ", masterEdition.toBase58());
const tx = await program.methods.mintNft(
mintKey.publicKey,
"https://arweave.net/y5e5DJsiwH0s_ayfMwYk-SnrZtVZzHLQDSTZ5dNRUHA",
"NFT Title",
)
.accounts({
mintAuthority: wallet.publicKey,
mint: mintKey.publicKey,
tokenAccount: NftTokenAccount,
tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
metadata: metadataAddress,
tokenMetadataProgram: TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID,
payer: wallet.publicKey,
systemProgram: SystemProgram.programId,
rent: anchor.web3.SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY,
masterEdition: masterEdition,
},
)
.rpc();
console.log("Your transaction signature", tx);
});
});这边是前端调用的示例
这边他是先在前端做了3个操作
然后再调用合约的mintNFT
现在我们已经把前3个操作放到了合约里面
现在我们把mintNFT的3个操作和前3个操作结合起来
先是mint_to
我们来看一下
/// Creates a `MintTo` instruction.
pub fn mint_to(
token_program_id: &Pubkey,
mint_pubkey: &Pubkey,
account_pubkey: &Pubkey,
owner_pubkey: &Pubkey,
signer_pubkeys: &[&Pubkey],
amount: u64,
) -> Result<Instruction, ProgramError> {
check_program_account(token_program_id)?;
let data = TokenInstruction::MintTo { amount }.pack();
let mut accounts = Vec::with_capacity(3 + signer_pubkeys.len());
accounts.push(AccountMeta::new(*mint_pubkey, false));
accounts.push(AccountMeta::new(*account_pubkey, false));
accounts.push(AccountMeta::new_readonly(
*owner_pubkey,
signer_pubkeys.is_empty(),
));
for signer_pubkey in signer_pubkeys.iter() {
accounts.push(AccountMeta::new_readonly(**signer_pubkey, true));
}
Ok(Instruction {
program_id: *token_program_id,
accounts,
data,
})
}那么我们就调用这个指令
msg!("Mint To");
invoke(
&mint_to(
token_program_info.key,
mint_info.key,
ata_info.key,
signer_info.key,
&[signer_info.key],
1,
)?,
&[
signer_info.clone(),
ata_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone()
],
)?;然后我们把mint_to和前面3个指令全都合并在一起
这样的话就相当于完成了一系列从无到有
从什么都没有到创建好mint，再mint_to
use borsh::BorshSerialize;
use mpl_token_metadata::instruction::create_master_edition;
use solana_program::{
account_info::{AccountInfo, next_account_info},
entrypoint::ProgramResult,
msg,
program::{invoke, invoke_signed},
program_error::ProgramError,
pubkey::Pubkey,
system_instruction,
sysvar::{clock::Clock, rent::Rent, Sysvar},
};
use spl_associated_token_account::instruction::create_associated_token_account;
use spl_token::instruction::{initialize_mint, mint_to};
use crate::{ferror, state::*, utils::*};
pub fn process_mint(
program_id: &Pubkey,
accounts: &[AccountInfo],
) -> ProgramResult {
let account_info_iter = &mut accounts.iter();
let authority_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let signer_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let mint_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let ata_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let token_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let ass_token_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let rent_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let system_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
assert_signer(&signer_info)?;
let size = 82;
let rent = &Rent::from_account_info(&rent_info)?;
let required_lamports = rent.minimum_balance(size);
msg!("Create Account");
invoke(
&system_instruction::create_account(
signer_info.key,
mint_info.key,
required_lamports,
size as u64,
token_program_info.key,
),
&[signer_info.clone(), mint_info.clone()],
)?;
msg!("Initialize Mint");
invoke(
&initialize_mint(
token_program_info.key,
mint_info.key,
authority_info.key,
Some(authority_info.key),
0,
)?,
&[authority_info.clone(), mint_info.clone(), rent_info.clone(), token_program_info.clone(), ],
)?;
msg!("Create Associated Token Account");
invoke(
&create_associated_token_account(
signer_info.key,
signer_info.key,
mint_info.key,
),
&[
signer_info.clone(),
ata_info.clone(),
ass_token_program_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone()
],
)?;
msg!("Mint To");
invoke(
&mint_to(
token_program_info.key,
mint_info.key,
ata_info.key,
signer_info.key,
&[signer_info.key],
1,
)?,
&[
signer_info.clone(),
ata_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone()
],
)?;
Ok(())
}
接下来是
create_metadata_account
mint_to之后，我们相当于已经有了一个nft了
但是这个nft只是一个supply为1的普通spl
接下来的两个步骤就是和metaplex相关的了
use borsh::BorshSerialize;
use mpl_token_metadata::instruction::{create_master_edition, create_metadata_accounts_v2};
use solana_program::{
account_info::{AccountInfo, next_account_info},
entrypoint::ProgramResult,
msg,
program::{invoke, invoke_signed},
program_error::ProgramError,
pubkey::Pubkey,
system_instruction,
sysvar::{clock::Clock, rent::Rent, Sysvar},
};
use spl_associated_token_account::instruction::create_associated_token_account;
use spl_token::instruction::{initialize_mint, mint_to};
use crate::{ferror, state::*, utils::*};
pub fn process_mint_nft(
program_id: &Pubkey,
accounts: &[AccountInfo],
) -> ProgramResult {
let account_info_iter = &mut accounts.iter();
let authority_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let signer_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let mint_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let ata_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let token_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let ass_token_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let rent_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let system_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let metadata_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let metadata_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
assert_signer(&signer_info)?;
let size = 82;
let rent = &Rent::from_account_info(&rent_info)?;
let required_lamports = rent.minimum_balance(size);
msg!("Create Account");
invoke(
&system_instruction::create_account(
signer_info.key,
mint_info.key,
required_lamports,
size as u64,
token_program_info.key,
),
&[signer_info.clone(), mint_info.clone()],
)?;
msg!("Initialize Mint");
invoke(
&initialize_mint(
token_program_info.key,
mint_info.key,
authority_info.key,
Some(authority_info.key),
0,
)?,
&[authority_info.clone(), mint_info.clone(), rent_info.clone(), token_program_info.clone(), ],
)?;
msg!("Create Associated Token Account");
invoke(
&create_associated_token_account(
signer_info.key,
signer_info.key,
mint_info.key,
),
&[
signer_info.clone(),
ata_info.clone(),
ass_token_program_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone()
],
)?;
msg!("Mint To");
invoke(
&mint_to(
token_program_info.key,
mint_info.key,
ata_info.key,
signer_info.key,
&[signer_info.key],
1,
)?,
&[
signer_info.clone(),
ata_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone()
],
)?;
msg!("Create Metadata Account");
let creator = vec![
mpl_token_metadata::state::Creator {
address: *signer_info.key,
verified: false,
share: 100,
},
];
let title = String::from("my_title");
let symbol = String::from("my_symbol");
let uri = String::from("https://arweave.net/abc");
invoke(
&create_metadata_accounts_v2(
*metadata_program_info.key,
*metadata_info.key,
*mint_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
title,
symbol,
uri,
Some(creator),
1,
true,
false,
None,
None,
),
&[
metadata_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
signer_info.clone(),
metadata_program_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone(),
rent_info.clone(),
],
)?;
Ok(())
}
然后是最后一步
create_master_edition
use borsh::BorshSerialize;
use mpl_token_metadata::instruction::{create_master_edition, create_master_edition_v3, create_metadata_accounts_v2};
use solana_program::{
account_info::{AccountInfo, next_account_info},
entrypoint::ProgramResult,
msg,
program::{invoke, invoke_signed},
program_error::ProgramError,
pubkey::Pubkey,
system_instruction,
sysvar::{clock::Clock, rent::Rent, Sysvar},
};
use spl_associated_token_account::instruction::create_associated_token_account;
use spl_token::instruction::{initialize_mint, mint_to};
use crate::{ferror, state::*, utils::*};
pub fn process_mint_nft_create(
program_id: &Pubkey,
accounts: &[AccountInfo],
) -> ProgramResult {
let account_info_iter = &mut accounts.iter();
let authority_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let signer_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let mint_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let ata_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let token_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let ass_token_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let rent_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let system_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let metadata_program_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let metadata_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
let edition_info = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;
assert_signer(&signer_info)?;
let size = 82;
let rent = &Rent::from_account_info(&rent_info)?;
let required_lamports = rent.minimum_balance(size);
msg!("Create Account");
invoke(
&system_instruction::create_account(
signer_info.key,
mint_info.key,
required_lamports,
size as u64,
token_program_info.key,
),
&[signer_info.clone(), mint_info.clone()],
)?;
msg!("Initialize Mint");
invoke(
&initialize_mint(
token_program_info.key,
mint_info.key,
authority_info.key,
Some(authority_info.key),
0,
)?,
&[authority_info.clone(), mint_info.clone(), rent_info.clone(), token_program_info.clone(), ],
)?;
msg!("Create Associated Token Account");
invoke(
&create_associated_token_account(
signer_info.key,
signer_info.key,
mint_info.key,
),
&[
signer_info.clone(),
ata_info.clone(),
ass_token_program_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone()
],
)?;
msg!("Mint To");
invoke(
&mint_to(
token_program_info.key,
mint_info.key,
ata_info.key,
signer_info.key,
&[signer_info.key],
1,
)?,
&[
signer_info.clone(),
ata_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone()
],
)?;
msg!("Create Metadata Account");
let creator = vec![
mpl_token_metadata::state::Creator {
address: *signer_info.key,
verified: false,
share: 100,
},
];
let title = String::from("my_title");
let symbol = String::from("my_symbol");
let uri = String::from("https://arweave.net/abc");
invoke(
&create_metadata_accounts_v2(
*metadata_program_info.key,
*metadata_info.key,
*mint_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
title,
symbol,
uri,
Some(creator),
1,
true,
false,
None,
None,
),
&[
metadata_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
signer_info.clone(),
metadata_program_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone(),
rent_info.clone(),
],
)?;
msg!("Create Master Edition");
invoke(
&create_master_edition_v3(
*metadata_program_info.key,
*edition_info.key,
*mint_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
*metadata_info.key,
*signer_info.key,
Some(0),
),
&[
edition_info.clone(),
mint_info.clone(),
signer_info.clone(),
metadata_info.clone(),
metadata_program_info.clone(),
token_program_info.clone(),
system_info.clone(),
rent_info.clone(),
],
)?;
Ok(())
}
然后我们来调用一下
import {Button, StyleSheet, View} from 'react-native';
import * as web3 from "@solana/web3.js";
import {
clusterApiUrl,
Connection,
Keypair,
PublicKey,
sendAndConfirmTransaction,
SystemProgram,
SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY,
Transaction,
TransactionInstruction
} from "@solana/web3.js";
import * as bip39 from "bip39";
import * as ed25519 from "ed25519-hd-key";
export default function App() {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Button title="test" onPress={() => test01()}></Button>
</View>
);
}
const test01 = async () => {
// Connect to cluster
var connection = new Connection(
clusterApiUrl('devnet'),
'confirmed',
);
const derivePath = `m/44'/501'/1'/0'`;
const text = 'abc abc abc';
const seed = bip39.mnemonicToSeedSync(text).toString('hex');
const derivedSeed = ed25519.derivePath(derivePath, seed).key;
const wallet = web3.Keypair.fromSeed(derivedSeed);
console.log(wallet.publicKey.toBase58());
const programId = new PublicKey('DfwQ3imRbDKvWQMSeZCrh6c6wQucL4aM1NXE6JWNuNiy')
const mint = Keypair.generate();
const TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA");
const ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey("ATokenGPvbdGVxr1b2hvZbsiqW5xWH25efTNsLJA8knL");
const METADATA_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey("metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s");
const [ata] = await PublicKey.findProgramAddress(
[
wallet.publicKey.toBuffer(),
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID.toBuffer(),
mint.publicKey.toBuffer(),
],
ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
);
console.log("ata:::", ata.toBase58());
const [metadata_info] = await PublicKey.findProgramAddress(
[
Buffer.from("metadata"),
METADATA_PROGRAM_ID.toBuffer(),
mint.publicKey.toBuffer(),
],
METADATA_PROGRAM_ID
);
console.log("metadata:::", metadata_info.toBase58());
const [edition_info] = await PublicKey.findProgramAddress(
[
Buffer.from("metadata"),
METADATA_PROGRAM_ID.toBuffer(),
mint.publicKey.toBuffer(),
Buffer.from("edition"),
],
METADATA_PROGRAM_ID
);
console.log("edition:::", edition_info.toBase58());
const keys = [
{
pubkey: wallet.publicKey,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: true,
},
{
pubkey: wallet.publicKey,
isSigner: true,
isWritable: true,
},
{
pubkey: mint.publicKey,
isSigner: true,
isWritable: true,
},
{
pubkey: ata,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: true,
},
{
pubkey: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: false,
},
{
pubkey: ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: false,
},
{
pubkey: SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: false,
},
{
pubkey: SystemProgram.programId,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: false,
},
{
pubkey: METADATA_PROGRAM_ID,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: false,
},
{
pubkey: metadata_info,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: true,
},
{
pubkey: edition_info,
isSigner: false,
isWritable: true,
},
];
const data = Buffer.from([3]);
const initIX = new TransactionInstruction({
keys: keys,
programId: programId,
data,
})
const initTX = new Transaction()
initTX.add(initIX)
const signature = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
connection,
initTX,
[wallet, mint],
)
console.log("signature::::", signature)
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
backgroundColor: '#fff',
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'center',
},
});
到此为止，我们的Solana入门系列算是到了一个阶段了
从一开始什么都不懂，什么都学不会
到现在已经熟悉了一些东西
这是一种非常大的进步
虽然过程有一点点艰难
进度也比预想中的慢
但是结果是好的
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