使用pytorch实现基于VGG 19预训练模型的鲜花识别分类器，准确度达到97%

项目说明

本文使用的数据集是网络开源的鲜花数据集，并且基于VGG19的预训练模型通过迁移学习重新训练鲜花数据由此构建一个鲜花识别分类器

数据集

可以在此处找到有关花朵数据集的信息。数据集为102个花类的每一个都包含一个单独的文件夹。每朵花都标记为一个数字，每个编号的目录都包含许多.jpg文件。

实验环境

prtorch库
PIL库
如果想使用GPU训练的话请使用英伟达的显卡并安装好CUDA
如果用GPU的话我在自己电脑上使用GPU只使用了91分钟（我的GPU是1050）

##倒入库并检测是否有可用GPU

%matplotlib inline
%config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'

import time
import json
import copy

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np
import PIL

from PIL import Image
from collections import OrderedDict


import torch
from torch import nn, optim
from torch.optim import lr_scheduler
from torch.autograd import Variable
import torchvision
from torchvision import datasets, models, transforms
from torch.utils.data.sampler import SubsetRandomSampler
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

import os
# check if GPU is available
train_on_gpu = torch.cuda.is_available()

if not train_on_gpu:
    print('Bummer! Training on CPU ...')
else:
    print('You are good to go! Training on GPU ...')
##有GPU就启用
    device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

定义数据集位置

data_dir = 'F:\资料\项目\image_classifier_pytorch-master\\flower_data'
train_dir = 'flower_data/train'
valid_dir = 'flower_data/valid'

导入数据集并对数据进行处理

# Define your transforms for the training and testing sets
data_transforms = {
    
    'train': transforms.Compose([
        transforms.RandomRotation(30),
        transforms.RandomResizedCrop(224),
        transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], 
                             [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
    ]),
    'valid': transforms.Compose([
        transforms.Resize(256),
        transforms.CenterCrop(224),
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], 
                             [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
    ])
}

# Load the datasets with ImageFolder
image_datasets = {
    x: datasets.ImageFolder(os.path.join(data_dir, x),
                                          data_transforms[x])
                  for x in ['train', 'valid']}

# Using the image datasets and the trainforms, define the dataloaders
batch_size = 64
dataloaders = {
    x: torch.utils.data.DataLoader(image_datasets[x], batch_size=batch_size,
                                             shuffle=True, num_workers=4)
              for x in ['train', 'valid']}

class_names = image_datasets['train'].classes

dataset_sizes = {
    x: len(image_datasets[x]) for x in ['train', 'valid']}
class_names = image_datasets['train'].classes

# Label mapping
with open('F:\资料\项目\image_classifier_pytorch-master\cat_to_name.json', 'r') as f:
    cat_to_name = json.load(f)

查看数据情况

# Run this to test the data loader
images, labels = next(iter(dataloaders['train']))
images.size()
# # Run this to test your data loader
images, labels = next(iter(dataloaders['train']))
rand_idx = np.random.randint(len(images))
# print(rand_idx)
print("label: {}, class: {}, name: {}".format(labels[rand_idx].item(),
                                               class_names[labels[rand_idx].item()],
                                               cat_to_name[class_names[labels[rand_idx].item()]]))

定义模型

model_name = 'densenet' #vgg
if model_name == 'densenet':
    model = models.densenet161(pretrained=True)
    num_in_features = 2208
    print(model)
elif model_name == 'vgg':
    model = models.vgg19(pretrained=True)
    num_in_features = 25088
    print(model.classifier)
else:
    print("Unknown model, please choose 'densenet' or 'vgg'")


# Create classifier
for param in model.parameters():
    param.requires_grad = False

def build_classifier(num_in_features, hidden_layers, num_out_features):
   
    classifier = nn.Sequential()
    if hidden_layers == None:
        classifier.add_module('fc0', nn.Linear(num_in_features, 102))
    else:
        layer_sizes = zip(hidden_layers[:-1], hidden_layers[1:])
        classifier.add_module('fc0', nn.Linear(num_in_features, hidden_layers[0]))
        classifier.add_module('relu0', nn.ReLU())
        classifier.add_module('drop0', nn.Dropout(.6))
        classifier.add_module('relu1', nn.ReLU())
        classifier.add_module('drop1', nn.Dropout(.5))
        for i, (h1, h2) in enumerate(layer_sizes):
            classifier.add_module('fc'+str(i+1), nn.Linear(h1, h2))
            classifier.add_module('relu'+str(i+1), nn.ReLU())
            classifier.add_module('drop'+str(i+1), nn.Dropout(.5))
        classifier.add_module('output', nn.Linear(hidden_layers[-1], num_out_features))
        
    return classifier
hidden_layers = None#[4096, 1024, 256][512, 256, 128]

classifier = build_classifier(num_in_features, hidden_layers, 102)
print(classifier)

 # Only train the classifier parameters, feature parameters are frozen
if model_name == 'densenet':
    model.classifier = classifier
    criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
    optimizer = optim.Adadelta(model.parameters()) # Adadelta #weight optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.001, momentum=0.9)
    #optimizer_conv = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.0001, weight_decay=0.001, momentum=0.9)
    sched = optim.lr_scheduler.StepLR(optimizer, step_size=4)
elif model_name == 'vgg':
    model.classifier = classifier
    criterion = nn.NLLLoss()
    optimizer = optim.Adam(model.classifier.parameters(), lr=0.0001)
    sched = lr_scheduler.StepLR(optimizer, step_size=4, gamma=0.1)
else:
    pass
def train_model(model, criterion, optimizer, sched, num_epochs=5):
    since = time.time()

    best_model_wts = copy.deepcopy(model.state_dict())
    best_acc = 0.0

    for epoch in range(num_epochs):
        print('Epoch {}/{}'.format(epoch+1, num_epochs))
        print('-' * 10)

        # Each epoch has a training and validation phase
        for phase in ['train', 'valid']:
            if phase == 'train':
                model.train()  # Set model to training mode
            else:
                model.eval()   # Set model to evaluate mode

            running_loss = 0.0
            running_corrects = 0

            # Iterate over data.
            for inputs, labels in dataloaders[phase]:
                inputs = inputs.to(device)
                labels = labels.to(device)

                # zero the parameter gradients
                optimizer.zero_grad()

                # forward
                # track history if only in train
                with torch.set_grad_enabled(phase == 'train'):
                    outputs = model(inputs)
                    _, preds = torch.max(outputs, 1)
                    loss = criterion(outputs, labels)

                    # backward + optimize only if in training phase
                    if phase == 'train':
                        #sched.step()
                        loss.backward()
                        
                        optimizer.step()

                # statistics
                running_loss += loss.item() * inputs.size(0)
                running_corrects += torch.sum(preds == labels.data)

            epoch_loss = running_loss / dataset_sizes[phase]
            epoch_acc = running_corrects.double() / dataset_sizes[phase]

            print('{} Loss: {:.4f} Acc: {:.4f}'.format(
                phase, epoch_loss, epoch_acc))

            # deep copy the model
            if phase == 'valid' and epoch_acc > best_acc:
                best_acc = epoch_acc
                best_model_wts = copy.deepcopy(model.state_dict())

        print()

    time_elapsed = time.time() - since
    print('Training complete in {:.0f}m {:.0f}s'.format(
        time_elapsed // 60, time_elapsed % 60))
    print('Best val Acc: {:4f}'.format(best_acc))

    #load best model weights
    model.load_state_dict(best_model_wts)
    
    return model

开始训练

epochs = 30
model.to(device)
model = train_model(model, criterion, optimizer, sched, epochs)