Microsoft SQL Server database language and function usage (XIII)

Microsoft SQL Server Database language and function use （ 13、 ... and ）
notes : Use Microsoft SQL Server 2019
One 、 Use SQL Statement backup
1、SQL Server Statement backup
（1）、 Use SQL Statement to back up the database , grammar :Backup Database Database name To disk=‘ Storage location .bak’
In statement Database Add the database name later , Followed by the storage location path .

（2）、 Restore the database with script file , First, generate the script file from the database , Select a database , Right mouse button : Mission –> Generation script , Check “ Save as script file ”, Choose a suitable location for file saving , Click Advanced , Select the penultimate “ The type of data to script ” choice “ Architecture and data ” If only the schema is selected, the exported script database has no data , After exporting the script file, open the script file to get the statement information of the database , After execution, you can restore the database .


（3）、 Use SQL Statement to restore the database , When restoring a database, you need to select another database , For example, when using the current restore database , Report errors :RESTORE Unable to process database ‘CZSPGL’, Because it is being used by this session . It is recommended to use master database .

Two 、 Database attachment
（1）、 Select database, right click to attach database , Select Add database , At this time, there is a default path to the database , Add the selected database to add ( It may not be able to attach , The reason is the database permission problem , At this time, you can copy the path in “ My computer ” Paste the search path in , There may also be custom database paths , Just find the storage path of the database .

（2）、 hold SQL The copy path of the attached database is found in the file ( The database is stored in the user-defined path. Find the corresponding path ), Can find SQL The default database path , At this time, it is found that there are two files in the database to be searched , One is the main file of the database , One is the script log file of the database . Select the database file you want to attach and right-click to open “ attribute ”–> choice “ Security ”–> Click on “ edit ”–> Click on “ add to ”–> find “Everyone” Or specify the object , Click OK to check the permission of the object to the database, such as “ Complete control of ”、“ modify ”、“ Read and execute ”、“ Reading and writing ”、“ write in ”, In addition, the corresponding log script file is also operated , This step is to make sure that the database is in SQL Server When the database is attached, it cannot be attached because of permissions .

3、 ... and 、 jurisdiction
1、 In order to restrict developers of different applications to only access their own databases , And can't see （ Or you can see whether it can be operated ） Number of other applications Database , Now we need to give it to the developers of various applications Member limits Authority , Let them login SQL Server Only authorized databases can be seen, but other databases cannot be seen .
（1）、 Add specific users to a database for use .
①、 choice “ Security ”–>“ Login name ” Right mouse button “ New login ”, Rename login name “ choice SQL Server Authentication ” Set the password , hold “ The user must change the password at the next login ” Check out , Select the default database （ That is, specify the database used by the user ）.

②、“ In the server role ” By default, check “public”, stay “ User mapping ” Check the database for the specified operation , At this time, the user name of the database appears , Select the corresponding database structure after the user name , Then check... Below “db_owner”.

③、 After the specified user operates a specific database, you can see , In this database “ Security ” Medium “ user ” One more. “Dema_user” user , And then in SQL Server“ Security ” There is also a “Dema_user”, Although the name is the same, the two user levels are different , That is, users existing in each database can only operate the database , And in the SQL Server Users in can log in and operate the database separately .

（2）、 Specify the user to operate the specified database
①、 Now log in with the user you created , After logging in successfully, you can see all databases , But when the operation is not the specified database, it will display “ Unable to access the database ” Because the database that the user has permission to use is not specified when creating the user, it is inaccessible , Therefore, the user can only operate the specified database, such as : Set the database “Text_Demo”.

（3）、 Use SQL Server Statement login account add and delete objects .
①、 Use in the account with the highest authority SQL Statement to create an account in the new query , Use use master go
exec sp_addlogin + title of account ,+ password , Statement to create an account , After successfully executing the command, disconnect the account with the highest permission and log in with the account just created .

②、 Specify the database to be used for the created account , Log in with the new account and then log in to the original account with the highest permission , Find the database you want to specify in the database of the highest authority user , Such as Demo Then create a new query , Use use Demo
Go exec sp_grantdbaccess ‘ Associate the new account name ’,‘ Specify the database user ’.

③、 Use the new account operation to specify the database , After the command is executed, go to create user login , namely Text_Demo2 Then you can check Demo Database , But only the database can be viewed here , However, it still needs one step to operate the database .

④、 Return to the highest authority account , stay Demo Create a new query in the database , Use sp_addrolemember Key words to Text_Demo2 Account assignment operation Demo jurisdiction , Because the front is Demo In the database, I set up a separate account to operate the database “Demo_user” So just compare this account with the new account “Text_Demo2 ” After Association ,“Text_Demo2 ” You can do that. Demo Database operation .

（3）、 If the database is automatically backed up , During the process of adding a maintenance plan “SQL Server agent ( Agent Disabled XP)” Unable to open agent , First open SQL Server Found in the corresponding configuration manager “SQL Server service ” hold “SQL Server agent ” The service starts manually , Then back SQL Server Zhongba “SQL Server agent ( Agent Disabled XP)” Start and then perform automatic database backup .

(4）、 If the agent cannot be started in the first step , have access to SQL Server Statement to create a maintenance plan , Create a new query in the database you want to back up automatically , Enter the following statement and execute , After the command is successfully executed, refresh it, and then “ Maintenance plan ” You can create a new maintenance plan in .