How to install postgresql and configure remote access in ubuntu environment

1.更新ubuntu包

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

2.安装官方源

# 创建文件存储库配置
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list'
# 导入存储库签名密钥
wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
# 更新包列表
sudo apt-get update
# 安装最新版本的PostgreSQL
sudo apt-get -y install postgresql

以上命令成功运行后,证明postgresql已经正常安装,It will start automatically after the installation is completepostgresql的服务.It can be viewed through the following informationpostgresql的信息

# 查看postgresql版本
sudo -u postgres psql -c "SELECT version();"
# 查看postgresql服务是否启动
service postgresql status

3.进行数据库配置

3.1 创建用户账号密码

在ubuntu上PostgreSQL数据库以后,A computer user is automatically createdpostgre,The following operations are based on this account.

运行以下命令,使用postgre用户登录postgresql

# 切换用户
sudo su postgres
# 进入交互界面
psql

进行postgresqlafter the interactive interface,User creation can be done by running the following information

-- Create an account without a password-root
create role root;
-- Create an account with a password-root
create user root with 'root123';
-- 显示所有用户,并查看是否创建成功
\du
-- 更改postgresql密码,如修改root账号的密码
alter user root with password 'root123#';

3.2 创建数据库

-- 创建数据库(test)
create database test;
-- 删除数据库(test)
drop database test;
-- 查询所有数据库
\l
-- 切换数据库test
\c test

3.3 创建schema

-- 创建schema(ods),以下写法均可
 create schema ods;
 create schema if not exists ods;
-- 为某个用户(root2)创建market
 create schema market authorization roo2;
-- 查看当前数据库下的所有schema
select * from information_schema.schemata;
-- 删除schema(ods)
 drop schema if exists ods;

3.4 用户权限授权

After creating the user password,Permissions can be granted to users with the following commands

-- 给用户root赋予超级用户权限
alter user root with superuser;
-- 给用户root2Grant ordinary permissions
alter user  root2 with privileges; 
-- Give all permissions to the database to the userroot
grant all privileges on database test to root;
-- 把某schema下(ods)的所有表(test用户下)All permissions are given to the userroot2
grant all on all tables in schema ods to root2;
-- put a table（test_table）All permissions are given to the userroot2
grant all on test_table to root2;
-- put a table（test_table）The query permission is given to the userroot2
grant select on table test_table to root2;
-- 撤销用户root2的某个数据库(test)权限;
revoke all on database test from root2;
-- 撤销用户root2某个schema(ods)Modifications to all tables below(update)权限;
revoke update on all tables in schema ods from root2;
-- 撤销用户root2某张表（test_table）的所有权限
revoke privileges on test_table from root2;
-- put a table（test_table）given by the ownerroot2
alter table test_table owner to root2;
-- 允许用户(root)登录
ALTER ROLE root WITH LOGIN;
-- 禁止用户(root)登录
ALTER ROLE root WITH NOLOGIN;

3.5 配置远程访问

由于postgresqlA username is added by default during installationpostgres的ubuntu系统用户,So you need to delete it with another account firstpostgres用户的密码,Then configure your own password.

# 删除postgres用户的密码
sudo passwd -d postgres
# 设置postgres用户的密码
sudo -u postgres passwd

After configuring the password,编辑/etc/postgresq/12/main/postgresql.conf文件

sudo vim /etc/postgresql/12/main/postgresql.conf

in the above configuration filepostgresql.conf中添加以下内容:

listen_addresses = '*' 
password_encryption = scram-sha-256

运行以下命令,编辑/etc/postgresq/12/main/pg_hba.conf文件

 sudo vim /etc/postgresql/14/main/pg_hba.conf 

在pg_hba.conf文件末尾追加以下内容：

host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               scram-sha-256

添加完成后,保存退出,然后重启postgresql 服务.

sudo service postgresql restart

3.6使用Navicat链接

Use the information obtained above,成功链接postgresql数据库.

3.7 卸载Navicat

# 移除postgresql
sudo apt-get --purge remove postgresql\*
# 移除配置信息
sudo rm -r /etc/postgresql/
sudo rm -r /etc/postgresql-common/
sudo rm -r /var/lib/postgresql/
sudo userdel -r postgres
sudo groupdel postgres