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SQL Server 基础介绍整理
2022-06-26 09:45:00 【NYTWTYN】
介绍
SQL Server 是由 Microsoft 开发和推广的关系数据库管理系统(DBMS),它最初是由 Microsoft、Sybase 和 Ashton-Tate 三家公司共同开发的,并于1988年推出了第一个OS/2版本。由于是基于 Sybase 公司技术而开发的产品,与 Sybase 数据库完全兼容。Microsoft SQL Server 近年来不断更新版本,1996年,Microsoft 推出了 SQL Server 6.5 版本;1998年,SQL Server 7.0 版本和用户见面;SQL Server 2000 是 Microsoft 公司于2000年推出,目前最新版本是2019年份推出的 SQL SERVER 2019。
市场占用
三大主流关系型数据库之一,在汽车、医疗、金融服务、零售、政企、云等领域占用一定用户量。
版本演进
| 时间 | 版本 | 软件版本号 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | SQL Server 2019 | 15.x | - |
| 2017 | SQL Server 2017 | 14.x | - |
| 2016 | SQL Server 2016 | 13.x | - |
| 2014 | SQL Server 2014 | 12.00.2000.8 | - |
| 2012 | SQL Server 2012 | 11.00.2100.60 | 开始支持高可用集群 |
| 2010 | SQL Server 2008 R2 | 10.50.160010.50.1600.1 | - |
| 2008 | SQL Server 2008 | 10.00.1600.22 | - |
| 2005 | SQL Server 2005 | 9.0.13990.6 | 开始支持双机集群 |
| 2000 | SQL Server 2000 | 8.00.194 | - |
| 1998 | SQL Server 7.0 | - | - |
| 1996 | SQL Server 6.5 | - | - |
| 1988 | 第一个OS/2版本 | - | - |
架构支持
支持 Windows 和 Linux,其中 Linux 从 SQL Server 2017 开始支持
类型支持
单机实例
双机故障转移集群(Failover Cluster)
高可用集群(Always On)
故障转移集群+高可用集群
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