匿名挂载＆具名挂载

# 匿名挂载
-v 容器内路径

[[email protected] volumes]# docker run -d -P --name nginx02 -v /ect/nginx nginx    # -P 随机端口
1e7a6f078e1d149a28870b080e8889fa943c0a3be94cb98b34e4b68fbaca7706

[[email protected] volumes]# docker volume --help

Usage:  docker volume COMMAND

Manage volumes

Commands:
  create      Create a volume
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more volumes
  ls          List volumes
  prune       Remove all unused local volumes
  rm          Remove one or more volumes

Run 'docker volume COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

# 查看所有的 volume 情况
[[email protected] volumes]# docker volume ls    #以下全是匿名卷挂载，在-v 只写了容器内路径，没有写容器外路径
DRIVER    VOLUME NAME
local     85ceb1c90bf20638336243eba9185d8f733c19785e70699e95511e5022167d41
local     378d3ad8f128323116b58484f5fd19492b4e41d1213f729ed89cfc9c7f3524bc
local     94004da9bc144582354a4fa694fc647b7d700512eb1d0b220f47de9a521da753
local     40506974fbded9e29a84f42f33b737e28dc13eb0a821f1ebd991aa349bfac1bc
local     aaac05064af330ebf935a3c42bf51f49aa82f319714b9e865fed5f875ee885ef
local     c2956de8052af73afc7e00ebdc74f9a2f17e8f794bf551ce09fd45598e58c94f

# 查看卷在哪个位置：Mountpoint
[[email protected] ~]# docker volume inspect 85ceb1c90bf20638336243eba9185d8f733c19785e70699e95511e5022167d41
[
    {
        "CreatedAt": "2022-05-06T13:29:50+08:00",
        "Driver": "local",
        "Labels": null,
        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/85ceb1c90bf20638336243eba9185d8f733c19785e70699e95511e5022167d41/_data",
        "Name": "85ceb1c90bf20638336243eba9185d8f733c19785e70699e95511e5022167d41",
        "Options": null,
        "Scope": "local"
    }
]

# 具名挂载
-v 卷名:容器内路径

[root[email protected] ~]# docker run -d -P --name nginx03 -v juming-nginx:/etc/nginx nginx
f89ab2645fc6cea48003e98d080b37d5aa5d3485740ee1d34df128c4872edcef
[[email protected] ~]# docker volume ls
DRIVER    VOLUME NAME
local     2eba47cade6c5b68f4f2179df0511e49113f4c507aad448b2bc25fbb99cc4ecf
local     5f5d46c0cfe40408f71515d12b6d2bab31cfbe478716f125bab34d43c65e0776
local     54c20bfffe906d311d4394dccb85c4f7f2d2cee4ed295ff9682856a7c2a7d07b
local     85ceb1c90bf20638336243eba9185d8f733c19785e70699e95511e5022167d41
local     378d3ad8f128323116b58484f5fd19492b4e41d1213f729ed89cfc9c7f3524bc
local     94004da9bc144582354a4fa694fc647b7d700512eb1d0b220f47de9a521da753
local     40506974fbded9e29a84f42f33b737e28dc13eb0a821f1ebd991aa349bfac1bc
local     aaac05064af330ebf935a3c42bf51f49aa82f319714b9e865fed5f875ee885ef
local     c2956de8052af73afc7e00ebdc74f9a2f17e8f794bf551ce09fd45598e58c94f
local     ccd77d73028a70a3433a374aea57d9e2c96828cddefe1a808eda0354ba3b7a44
local     juming-nginx
[[email protected] ~]# docker volume inspect juming-nginx
[
    {
        "CreatedAt": "2022-05-29T14:43:14+08:00",
        "Driver": "local",
        "Labels": null,
        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/juming-nginx/_data",
        "Name": "juming-nginx",
        "Options": null,
        "Scope": "local"
    }
]

 所有docker容器内的卷，没有指定目录（可用docker info 命令查看目录）的情况下默认都是在  /var/lib/docker/volumes/xxx/_data  目录下 

 我们通过具名挂载可以方便的找到卷，大多数情况使用具名挂载

-v /容器内路径        # 匿名挂载

-v 卷名:/容器内路径        # 具名挂载

-v /宿主机路径:/容器内路径        #指定路径挂载，这种方式不会产生匿名卷 

拓展 

# 通过 -v 容器内路径:ro  rw 改变读写权限

ro  readonly     -- 只读
rw  readwrite    -- 可读可写

docker run -d -P --name nginx03 -v juming-nginx:/etc/nginx:ro nginx

# 只要看到 ro 就说明这个路径只能通过宿主机来操作，容器内无法扫操作，默认为rw