Compilation and linking of programs

Catalog

Program translation environment and execution environment

Translation environment  

execution environment

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Program translation environment and execution environment

1. Translation environment , In this environment, the source code is translated into executable machine instructions .

2. execution environment , It's used to actually execute code .

  It can be understood according to the following figure

Translation environment  

   This picture shows what the translation environment has done , If you want to observe carefully, you can Linux Observe each step in the environment .

execution environment

1. The program must be loaded into memory , In an operating system environment , This is usually done by the operating system , In an independent environment , The loading of the program must be arranged manually , It can also be done by putting executable code into read-only memory .

2. The execution of the procedure begins , Then call main function .

3. Start executing program code , At this point, the program will use a runtime stack （strack）, Store function variables and return addresses , Programs can also use static （stack） Memory , Variables stored in static memory retain their values throughout the execution of the program .

4. To terminate the program , Normal termination main function , It could be an accidental termination .