RPM package installation command

One 、 What is? RPM

RPM yes Red Hat The software management mechanism developed by the company , It is a way to install the software you need to... In the way of database records linux A set of management mechanism of the system .

Two 、RPM Characteristics

RPM The biggest feature is that the software to be installed has been compiled , And has been packaged into RPM Mechanism file format , Through the default database records inside , Record the dependent software required for the software installation .

When installed to linux When the main engine ,RPM First, I will query according to the data in the software linux Whether the dependent software of the host meets , Install if satisfied . At the same time, the software information is written into RPM The database of (/var/lib/rpm), For future queries 、 Upgrade and uninstall .

RPM advantage ：

1、 The software has been compiled and packaged , So it's easy to transmit and install , Free users from compiling

2、 Before installation , Will check the disk of the system first 、 Operating system version, etc , Avoid incorrect installation

2、 Information about the software has been recorded in linux On the host's database , Convenient query 、 Upgrade and uninstall

RPM shortcoming ：

1、 The environment in which the software package is installed must be consistent with or equivalent to the environment at the time of packaging

2、 Must have installed the dependent software of the software

3、 When uninstalling , The lowest level software cannot be removed first , Otherwise, the whole system may not work

3、 ... and 、RPM Management procedure ：rpm

1、RPM Package naming format

Software name - Version number - Number of releases - fit linux System . Hardware platform .rpm

for example ： apache-2.4.10-18.mga6.i586.rpm

Be careful ：

Full name ：rpm Operate on packages that are not installed , The package uses the full package name

package     name ：rpm Operating the installed software , The software package uses the package name

2、RPM The default path to install the software

/etc             Configuration file placement Directory

/usr/bin        Some executable files

/usr/lib Some programs use dynamic link libraries

/usr/share/doc Some basic software manuals and instructions

/usr/share/man some man page archives

3、rpm Use

a、 Software installation and upgrade

rpm -ivh Full name （ Absolute path , Generally, it is in the software package directory of the CD ）

-i | –install install

-v   Show details

-h     Show progress

rpm -Uvh   Full name     Download the high-level software package in advance

-U | –upgrade   upgrade

b、 uninstall

rpm -e Package name       If the dependency uninstall fails

–nodeps       Don't check dependencies , Forced unloading

c、 Inquire about

rpm -q Package name     Check if the package is installed

rpm -qa           Show all installed packages

rpm -qi   Package name     Query the installed package information  -i  information

rpm -qip Full name   Query the information that there is no package installed

rpm -ql Package name   Query the installation location of files in the package  -l   list

rpm -qlp   Full name   Query packages that are not installed , Intended installation location

rpm -qf   System filename     Which package does the query file belong to